Table 1.
Indications, success rates, and adverse events for endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (EDGE).
| Author (year) | Patients, n | Sex, female, n(%); age, mean (range), years | Indication* | Technical success rates | Adverse events | Adverse events specific to ERCP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accessing excluded stomach | Performing ERCP | Minor | Moderate | Severe | |||||
| Amateau et al. (2018) | 3 | 2 (66%); 59 (50–67) | 2 biliary 1 pancreatic | 3/3 (100%) | 3/3 (100 %) | 1 stent migration | – | – | – |
| Bukhari et al. (2018) | 30 | 27 (90%); 52.5 (NA) | 26 biliary 4 pancreatic | 30/30 (100 %) | 30/30 (100%) | 2 stent migrations | 1 bleed 1 persistent fistula | – | – |
| James et al. (2019) | 19 | 15 (79%); 56 (39–71) | 13 biliary 6 pancreatic | 19/19 (100 %) | 19/19 (100%) | 6 stent malpositions | 1 persistent fistula | – | – |
| Kedia et al. (2019) | 29 | 25 (86%); 56 (35–82) | 23 biliary 6 pancreatic | 28/29 (97%) | 28/29 (97%) | 3 stent migrations | 1 bleed | 1 perforation | 2 pancreatitis |
| Wang et al. (2019) | 9 | NA; NA | 9 biliary | 9/9 (100%) | 9/9 (100 %) | 2 stent migrations | 1 bleed | – | – |
| de Benito Sanz et al. (2020) | 14 | 12 (86%); 56 (31–67) | 11 biliary 2 pancreatic 1 other | 14/14 (100 %) | 13/14 (93 %) | 4 stent migrations 2 abdominal pain | 1 perforation | – | 1 bleed |
| Kochhar et al. (2020) | 26 | 20 (77%); 60.8 (NA) | 22 biliary 4 pancreatic | 26/26 (100%) | 26/26 (100%) | 1 stent migration | – | – | 2 bleeds |
| Krafft et al. (2020) | 21 | 14 (67%); 57.6 (NA) | 20 biliary 1 pancreatic | 21/21 (100 %) | 20/21 (95 %) | 6 stent migrations 2 abdominal pain | – | – | – |
| Tyberg et al. (2020) | 18 | NA; NA | 11 biliary 3 pancreatic 4 other | 18/18 (100 %) | 17/18 (94 %) | 2 stent malpositions | 2 bleeds 1 perforation | – | 1 pancreatitis |
| Total | 169 | 115/142 (81 %); 56.4 | 137 biliary; 27 pancreatic; 5 other | 168/169 (99%) | 166/169 (98%) | 31/169 (18.3%) | 9/169 (5.3 %) | 1/169 (0.6 %) | 6/169 (3.5 %) |
ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; NA, not available.
*
Specific indications – biliary: biliary choledocholithiasis (n = 60); biliary obstruction (n = 16); cholangitis (n = 14); abnormal laboratory results (n = 7); symptomatic biliary dilation (n = 6); bile leak (n = 6); biliary sludge (n = 3); Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (n = 1); papillary stenosis (n = 1); not specified (n = 23); – pancreatic: pancreatitis (n = 19), pancreatic duct dilation (n = 2), not specified (n = 6);– other (n = 5).