Table 1.

Primary care service models

Primary care service model	Description
Inside-integrated	A primary care service fully integrated with the emergency medicine service, where staff see both primary and emergency care patients (n= 3).
Inside-parallel	A separate primary care service within the emergency department, for patients with primary care type problems (n= 4).
Outside-onsite	Primary care service is elsewhere on the hospital site (n = 3).
Control site	No model of using GPs in ED (n = 3)