Table 2.

Association Between Day 2 Area Under the Curve, Coded as Either a Continuous or Rank Order Ordinal Variable, and Vancomycin-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Multivariate Regression Analyses

Classification and Variable		Unadjusted			Adjusted
		OR	95% CI	P Value	OR	95% CI	P Value
KDIGO stage 1
AUCa	Continuous	1.001	1.000–1.002	.05	1.001	1.000–1.003	.04
AUC categoryb	<400	Reference			Reference
	400–600	1.59	1.09–2.33	.02	1.81	1.18–2.78	.007
	>600	2.44	1.18–5.40	.02	3.20	1.38–7.69	.007
RIFLE Risk
AUCc	Continuous	1.001	1.000–1.003	.05	1.002	1.000–1.003	.02
AUC categoryd	<400	Reference			Reference
	400–600	1.42	.94–2.12	.10	1.70	1.07–2.71	.03
	>600	2.00	.88–4.57	.10	2.87	1.13–7.29	.03
KDIGO stage 2/RIFLE Injury
AUCe	Continuous	1.002	1.000–1.003	.03	1.002	1.000–1.003	.02
AUC categoryf	<400	Reference			Reference
	400–600	1.23	.73–2.05	.43	1.47	.79–2.72	.22
	>600	1.51	.54–4.21	.43	2.16	.63–7.40	.22
KDIGO stage 3/RIFLE Failure
AUCg	Continuous	1.003	1.001–1.005	.006	1.002	1.000–1.005	.03
AUC categoryh	<400	Reference			Reference
	400–600	1.46	.69–3.13	.34	1.42	.65–3.09	.38
	>600	2.14	.47–9.79	.34	1.91	.42–9.18	.38

Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; CI, confidence interval; KDIGO, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes; OR, odds ratio; RIFLE, modified Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage kidney disease.

Adjusted for age, quinolone use during the first 7 days of vancomycin therapy, prior receipt of antibiotics, prior receipt of vancomycin, preexisting valvular heart disease, presence of decubitus ulcers, and urinary tract source.

Adjusted for age, quinolone use during the first 7 days of vancomycin therapy, prior receipt of antibiotics, prior receipt of vancomycin, preexisting valular heart disease, presence of decubitus ulcers, and urinary tract source.

Adjusted for age, recent residence in healthcare facility, presence of heart failure, quinolone use during the first 7 days of vancomycin therapy, recent cerebral vascular accident, intravenous catheter source, race (White vs non-White), and presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Adjusted for age, recent residence in healthcare facility, presence of heart failure, quinolone use during the first 7 days of vancomycin therapy, abdominal source, intravenous catheter source, race (White vs non-White), recent cerebral vascular accident, and presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Adjusted for age, weight, sex, recent residence in healthcare facility, skin and soft tissue source, intravenous catheter source, receipt of immunosuppressive drugs, creatinine clearance at baseline, and quinolone use during the first 7 days of vancomycin therapy.

Adjusted for age, weight, sex, skin and soft tissue source, intravenous catheter source, receipt of immunosuppressive drugs, creatinine clearance at baseline, and quinolone use during the first 7 days of vancomycin therapy.

Adjusted for quinolone use during the first 7 days of vancomycin therapy.

Adjusted for quinolone use during the first 7 days of vancomycin therapy.