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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 10.
Published in final edited form as: J Control Release. 2020 Dec 27;330:575–586. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.045

Table 3.

In vitro evaluation of hydrogel bioadhesion at 37 °C using detachment force measurement.

Hydrogel 10% PEG 15% PEG 20% PEG 20% Poloxamer
Weight required for detachment (g) 133.3 ± 25.9 222.8 ± 51.5 335.5 ± 49.6 4.4 ± 0.7
1 Force (N) 1.30 ± 0.25 2.18 ± 0.50 3.29 ± 0.49 0.043 ± 0.007
2 Force/Area (N/cm2) 10.40 ± 2.02 17.38 ± 4.02 26.18 ± 3.87 0.35 ± 0.05
1

N = 105 dyne;

2

A = πr2 = 3.14 × 0.2 × 0.2 (cm2). The diameter of the hydrogel is around 4 mm.