Table 7.

High value metabolites from microalgae and its health benefits

High value metabolites	Microalgae	Health benefits	References
Carotenoids
β carotene	Dunaliella salina	Food colorant, pro vitamin A, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory	Sathasivam et al. (2019), Novoveská et al. (2019)
Astaxanthin	C. zofingiensis, H. pluvialis	Pigmenter, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory	Novoveská et al. (2019), Dufosse (2008)
Zeaxanthin	C.ellipsoidea, D.salina	Food colorant, anti-oxidant	Raposo et al. (2015)
Canthaxanthin	Chlorella sp.	Food colorant, pigmenter in aquaculture and poultry	Udayan et al. (2017)
Lutein	Scenedesmus sp. Muriellopsis sp. Chlorella sp.	Anti-oxidant	Sathasivam et al. (2019)
Phycobilins	Cyanobacteria, Rhodophyta	Colorant in food and cosmetics, anti-oxidant	Kannaujiya et al. (2020)
Fatty acids
Arachidonic acid (ARA)	P.purpureum, P. cruentum,	Improves growth and development of neonates	(Udayan et al. 2017)
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)	Nannochloropsis, P.tricornutum, P. cruentum	Cognition, heart health, protection against arthrosclerosis, anti-inflammatory	Kannaujiya et al. (2020), Weill et al. (2020)
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)	C.cohnii, Schizochytrium sp., Ulkenia sp.	Brain and eye health, cardiovascular benefits, nervous system development	Udayan et al. (2017), Kannaujiya et al. (2020), Weill et al. (2020)
Peptides	C.pyrenoidosa, N.oculata, T.suecica, B.braunii	Anti-hypertensive, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory	Udayan et al. (2017)
Sulfated polysaccharides	Porphyridium sp. P.tricornutum, C.pyrenoidosa,	Antiviral, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory	Udayan et al. (2017)
Phenolics	B.braunii, C.vulgaris, Isochrysis sp.	Anti-oxidant	Udayan et al. (2017)