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. 2022 Jan 23;477(3):849–864. doi: 10.1007/s11010-021-04336-6

Table 1.

Effect of COVID-19 on primary target organs

System Symptoms/Presentation Sequelae
Pulmonary Cough, apnea, hypoxia, pneumonia Alveolar damage, fibrosis, edema, hemorrhage, pneumocyte hyperplasia and hyaline scar tissue formation
Cardiovascular Palpitations, chest tightness Myocarditis, elevated blood pressure
Gastrointestinal/Hepatobiliary Abdominal pain, loss of appetite, diarrhea, vomiting Transaminitis, bowel ischemia
Vascular and Hematologic Muscle/body aches, DVT, headache Thrombotic events secondary to hypercoagulable state
Neurologic Dizziness, impaired consciousness, ageusia, anosmia, neuropathy, seizure Stroke
Renal Proteinuria Sepsis related kidney injury
Ocular Conjunctivitis, dry eye, blurred vision, foreign body sensation None