Table 2.

Choline, betaine, and TMAO concentrations before and 24 h after intake of choline supplements

	–	Choline chloride	Choline bitartrate	αGPC	Egg-PC
	0 h	24 h
	n = 24	n = 6	n = 6	n = 6	n = 6
	(µmol/l)
Choline	8.6 (7.55–9.83)	8.64 (5.95–8.85)	8.3 (6.78–9.26)	8.37 (7.35–10.38)	8.12 (6.2–9.05)
Betaine	20.4 (18.2–31.4)	20.2 (19.6–29.8)	23.5 (21.8–38.9)	23.8 (22.6–31.7)	24.0 (21.9–28.0)
TMAO	1.99 (1.22–3.07)	3.75 (3.29–6.52)	2.25 (2.08–4.19)	2.64 (1.75–6.05)	1.68 (1.24–4.01)

Data are shown as median (25th‰–75th‰). Concentrations are shown in µmol/l

PC phosphatidylcholine, TMAO trimethylamine oxide, αGPC alpha-glycerophosphocholine