Table 1.

Unfairness and inequality

	Between-country variation			Within-country variation
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Agreement with “Current inequality is unfair”
Belief in selfish rich inequality	0.620	0.919	0.814	0.228	0.231	0.233
	(0.124)	(0.152)	(0.111)	(0.008)	(0.008)	(0.006)
Controls (not reported)	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Lasso selection of controls	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes
Observations	60	57	57	23,103	23,103	23,103
Agreement with “Government should aim to reduce economic differences”
Belief in selfish rich inequality	0.482	0.707	0.606	0.148	0.150	0.149
	(0.096)	(0.121)	(0.097)	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.006)
Controls (not reported)	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Lasso selection of controls	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes
Observations	60	57	57	23,103	23,103	23,103

Notes. Columns 1–3 report between-country regressions of the (country average) “current inequality is unfair”/”government should aim to reduce economic differences” on the (country average) belief in selfish rich inequality and a set of controls. See SI Appendix, Table S7A for the complete specifications. Columns 4–6 report the corresponding within-country regressions (with country-specific intercepts); see SI Appendix, Table S7B for the complete specifications. Column 3 and 6 report regressions with Lasso-selected regressors (selecting from a set of control variables and a quadratic form in these) and, for column 6, always including country-specific intercepts (62). SEs are in parentheses.