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. 2022 Jan 24;27(5):5953–5988. doi: 10.1007/s10639-021-10867-8

Table 4.

ANOVA test results of the participants’ self-efficacy to integrate technology, lifelong learning tendencies and special field competencies by professional seniority

Scale Sum of Squares SD Mean of Squares F p
Technology Integrating Self-efficacy Between groups 2092.136 5 418.427 1.732 .125
Within-group 134101.504 555 241.624
Total 136193.640 560
Lifelong Learning Tendencies Between groups 382.646 5 76.529 .192 .966
Within-group 221713.240 555 399.483
Total 222095.886 560
English Teacher Special Field Competencies Between groups 620.311 5 124.062 .317 .903
Within-group 217531.746 555 391.949
Total 218152.057 560