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. 2022 Jan 24;27(5):5953–5988. doi: 10.1007/s10639-021-10867-8

Table 5.

T-test results of the participants’ self-efficacy to integrate technology, lifelong learning tendencies and special field competencies according to their educational status

Scale Educational Status N X¯ SD t p
Technology Integrating Self-efficacy Undergraduate 460 84.6043 15.34526 -0.322 .748
Postgraduate 101 85.1881 16.75751
Lifelong Learning Tendencies Undergraduate 460 139.0087 19.62880 -0.892 .374
Postgraduate 101 141.0594 21.18954
English Teacher Special Field Competencies Undergraduate 460 151.2630 19.81566 -0.390 .697
Postgraduate 101 152.0990 19.45842