Table 1.
The demographics, clinical information, and comorbidities of the patients.
| Variables | Postarthroplasty COVID-19 |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive (N = 18) | Negative (n = 737) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| Age (y) | 63.94 ± 6.66 | 61.52 ± 12.60 | 0.15 |
| Female gender, n (%) | 15 (83.3%) | 546 (74.1%) | 0.37 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.38 ± 6.24 | 28.58 ± 5.10 | 0.14 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 7 (38.9%) | 163 (22.1%) | 0.09 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 9 (50.0%) | 347 (47.1%) | 0.81 |
| Pulmonary problem, n (%) | 4 (22.2%) | 47 (6.4%) | 0.008 OR (95% CI) = 3.93 (1.23-12.55) |
| Renal disease, n (%) | 0 | 39 (5.3%) | 0.31 |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 4 (22.2%) | 122 (16.6%) | 0.79 |
| Immune system disease, n (%) | 2 (11.1%) | 68 (9.2%) | 0.78 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 1 (5.6%) | 18 (2.4%) | 0.41 |
| Clinical variables | |||
| Delayed surgery, n (%) | 1 (5.6%) | 97 (13.2%) | 0.343 |
| Delay duration (month) | 6.00 | 3.66 ± 2.96 | 0.43 |
| COVID-19 before surgery, n (%) | 1 (5.6%) | 67 (9.1%) | 0.98 |
| COVID-19 before surgery (months) | 2.00 | 4.67 ± 2.63 | 0.31 |
| Hospital, n (%) | |||
| Academic (N = 192, 25.4%) | 3 (16.7%) | 189 (25.6%) | 0.38 |
| Private (N = 563, 74.6%) | 15 (83.3%) | 548 (74.4%) | |
| City, n (%) | |||
| Isfahan (N = 483, 64%) | 12 (66.7%) | 471 (63.9%) | 0.81 |
| Tehran (N = 272, 36%) | 6 (33.3%) | 266 (36.1%) | |
| Joint; n (%) | |||
| Hip | 1 (5.6%) | 239 (32.4%) | 0.016 |
| Knee | 17 (94.4%) | 498 (67.6%) | |
| Surgery, n (%) | |||
| Primary | 18 (100%) | 674 (91.5%) | 0.19 |
| Revision | 0 | 63 (8.5%) | |
| Primary causes, n (%) | |||
| OA | 18 (100%) | 581 (78.8%) | 0.41 |
| DDH | 0 | 23 (3.1) | |
| AVN | 0 | 63 (8.5%) | |
| RA | 0 | 7 (1.0%) | |
| Revision causes, n (%) | |||
| Infection | 0 | 24 (3.3%) | - |
| Dislocation | 0 | 13 (1.8%) | |
| Periprosthetic fracture | 0 | 12 (1.6%) | |
| Aseptic loosening | 0 | 14 (1.9%) | |
| Hospital stay for arthroplasty | 2.83 ± 0.99 | 3.56 ± 1.62 | 0.06 |
BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; OA, osteoarthritis; DDH, developmental dysplasia of the hip; AVN, avascular necrosis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.