Table 1.

Incidence of endocrine, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and psychiatric disorders in the 79 patients diagnosed with an insulinoma in Finland during 1980–2010, and in 316 matched controls, after the diagnosis of insulinoma.

Disease	Patients			Controls			Patients vs controls		P value
	n/n at risk	Incidence rate/10 000/year	95% CI	n/n at risk	Incidence rate/10 000/year	95% CI	Rate ratio	95% CI
Endocrine disordersa	21/72	295.37	192.58–453.01	32/273	84.58	59.81–119.60	3.49	2.01–6.06	<0.001
Diabetes	8/75	89.05	44.53–178.07	22/294	53.36	35.14–81.04	1.67	0.74–3.75	0.210
Thyroid disorders	6/79	61.72	27.73–137.39	10/311	22.35	12.02–41.55	2.76	1.00–7.60	0.040
Parathyroid disorders	2/79	20.16	5.04–80.61	0/315	0.00	0.00–7.97	NA
Other endocrine disordersb	11/76	130.00	70.65–230.00	1/301	2.27	0.32–16.14	56.12	7.25–434.67	<0.001
Cardiovascular diseases	24/59	423.26	283.70–631.47	70/196	265.79	210.28–335.95	1.59	1.00–2.53	0.047
Cerebrovascular diseases	7/78	74.27	35.41–155.79	29/305	67.92	47.20–97.73	1.09	0.48–2.50	0.832
Hypertension	15/70	189.95	114.51–315.07	47/265	123.68	92.93–164.61	1.54	0.86–2.75	0.145
Arrhythmias and conduction disorders	15/77	166.75	100.53–276.59	40/299	93.64	68.69–127.65	1.78	0.98–3.22	0.053
Atrial fibrillation and flutter	11/78	117.74	65.20–212.60	25/307	56.75	38.35–83.99	2.07	1.02–4.22	0.039
Coronary artery disease	11/77	119.17	66.00–215.19	36/297	87.03	62.77–120.65	1.37	0.70–2.69	0.360
Diseases of the arteries and veins	7/73	78.92	37.62–165.54	30/259	81.56	57.02–116.64	0.97	0.43–2.20	0.938
Valvular diseases and cardiomyopathies	4/76	42.12	15.81–112.23	12/302	27.24	15.47–47.96	1.55	0.50–4.80	0.447
Heart failure	4/77	40.03	15.02–106.66	19/304	42.87	27.34–67.21	0.93	0.32–2.75	0.901
Diseases of the pulmonary circulation	2/79	19.72	4.93–78.84	4/316	8.77	3.29–23.36	2.25	0.41–12.28	0.336
Gastrointestinal diseases	27/67	463.70	318.00–676.16	55/233	175.53	134.76–228.63	2.64	1.67–4.19	<0.001
Diseases of the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum	6/76	63.83	28.68–142.07	22/298	51.70	34.04–78.52	1.24	0.50–3.05	0.647
Abdominal herniasc	8/73	91.32	45.67–182.61	19/282	45.96	29.31–72.05	1.99	0.87–4.54	0.097
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases	0/79	0.00	0.00–35.85	3/315	6.58	2.12–20.39	0.00		0.412
Diseases of the appendix	2/78	20.46	5.12–81.79	8/304	18.32	9.16–36.63	1.12	0.24–5.26	0.889
Other bowel diseases	14/77	156.41	92.63–264.09	30/296	71.68	50.11–102.51	2.18	1.16–4.12	0.013
Diseases of the liver, biliary tract, and gallbladder	6/77	65.02	29.21–144.72	20/292	48.18	31.08–74.68	1.35	0.54–3.36	0.518
Diseases of the pancreasd	8/78	85.62	42.82–171.20	3/311	6.66	2.15–20.64	12.86	3.41–48.49	<0.001
Mental and behavioural disorders	12/71	148.85	84.54–262.11	36/265	98.09	70.76–135.99	1.52	0.79–2.92	0.208
Dementia	4/79	39.64	14.88–105.61	14/312	30.86	18.28–52.11	1.28	0.42–3.90	0.658

Bold values indicate a statistically significant difference between the patients and the controls (P  < 0.05, Mantel–Haenszel method). When the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons is applied, a P value < 0.002 (<0.05/25) is considered statistically significant.

^aExcluding hyperinsulinism and hypoglycaemia; ^bOther endocrine disorders in the patients included a polyglandular endocrine disorder (n = 1) and other or unspecified endocrine disorders (n = 10); ^cAbdominal hernias in the patients included seven ventral hernias and one inguinal hernia; ^dPancreatic diseases in the patients included acute pancreatitis (n = 6), pancreatic pseudocyst (n = 1), and other/undefined pancreatic disease (n = 1).

NA, not applicable.