Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants under study.
| Characteristic | Cases (n = 121) |
Controls (n = 121) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean (SD)) | 53.50 (15.96) | 55.87 (13.50) | 0.213 |
| Sex = Male (%) | 53 (43.8) | 51 (42.1) | 0.897 |
| Number of risk factors (%) | |||
| 0 | 54 (44.6) | 53 (43.8) | 0.382 |
| 1 | 40 (33.1) | 38 (31.4) | |
| 2 | 21 (17.4) | 17 (14.0) | |
| 3 or more | 6 (5.0) | 13 (10.7) | |
| Type of risk factor | |||
| Age 60 or more = Yes (%) | 43 (35.5) | 49 (40.5) | 0.508 |
| COPDa = Yes (%) | 6 (5.0) | 8 (6.6) | 0.783 |
| Other lung disease = Yes (%) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.5) | 0.245 |
| Cardiovascularb = Yes (%) | 1 (0.8) | 13 (10.7) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes = Yes (%) | 19 (15.7) | 18 (14.9) | 0.999 |
| Essential hypertension = Yes (%) | 23 (19.0) | 19 (15.7) | 0.611 |
| Immunosuppressionc = Yes (%) | 8 (6.6) | 1 (0.8) | 0.042 |
| Type of antipsychotic | |||
| Olanzapine = Yes (%) | 22 (18.2) | 20 (16.5) | 0.865 |
| Risperidone = Yes (%) | 43 (35.5) | 34 (28.1) | 0.270 |
| Quetiapine = Yes (%) | 23 (19.0) | 21 (17.4) | 0.868 |
a
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
b
Heart failure, coronary heart disease (CHD), arrythmias and peripheral arteriopathy.
c
Patients with HIV infection, or under corticosteroid or other immunosuppressant agents.