Table 2.
Clinical sequelae of COVID-19 survivors.
| Variable | Total | PTSD symptoms | Non-PTSD | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 570) | (N = 64) | (N = 510) | ||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| General symptoms | ||||
| Any symptom | 321 (55.9) | 53 (82.8) | 268 (52.5) | <0.001 |
| Fatigue or muscle weakness | 275 (47.9) | 49 (76.6) | 226 (44.3) | <0.001 |
| Sweating | 78 (13.6) | 19 (29.7) | 59 (11.6) | <0.001 |
| Myalgia or joint pain | 53 (9.3) | 9 (14.1) | 44 (8.6) | 0.157 |
| Chills | 114 (19.9) | 21 (32.8) | 93 (18.2) | 0.012 |
| Respiratory symptoms | ||||
| Any symptom | 265 (46.2) | 50 (78.1) | 215 (42.2) | <0.001 |
| Shortness of breath | 165 (28.7) | 38 (59.4) | 127 (24.9) | <0.001 |
| Chest distress | 169 (29.4) | 36 (56.3) | 133 (26.1) | <0.001 |
| Chest pain | 49 (8.5) | 10 (15.6) | 39 (7.6) | 0.015 |
| Cough | 66 (11.5) | 57 (11.2) | 9 (14.1) | 0.495 |
| Expectoration (sputum) | 35 (6.1) | 8 (12.5) | 27 (5.3) | 0.045a |
| Digestive symptoms | ||||
| Any symptom | 84 (14.6) | 21 (32.8) | 63 (12.4) | <0.001 |
| Decreased appetite | 44 (7.7) | 16 (25.0) | 28 (5.5) | <0.001a |
| Abdominal distention or bloating | 33 (5.7) | 7 (10.9) | 26 (5.1) | 0.034a |
| Vomiting or nausea | 14 (2.4) | 3 (4.7) | 11 (2.2) | 0.198a |
| Diarrhea | 26 (4.5) | 7 (10.9) | 19 (3.7) | 0.018a |
| Neurologic symptoms | ||||
| Any symptom | 75 (13.1) | 10 (15.6) | 65 (12.7) | 0.519 |
| Forgetfulness | 69 (12.0) | 8 (12.5) | 61 (12.0) | 0.900 |
| Hypopsia | 8 (1.4) | 2 (3.1) | 6 (1.2) | 0.210a |
| Hearing loss | 9 (1.6) | 3 (4.7) | 6 (1.2) | 0.680a |
| Psychosocial symptoms | ||||
| Any symptom | 201 (35.0) | 53 (82.8) | 148 (29.0) | <0.001 |
| Sleep difficulty | 169 (29.4) | 36 (56.3) | 133 (26.1) | <0.001 |
| GAD-7, score ≥10 | 62 (10.8) | 33 (51.6) | 29 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| SF-36 | ||||
| MCS, score <50 | 438 (76.3) | 62 (96.9) | 376 (73.7) | <0.001 |
| PCS, score <50 | 216 (37.6) | 44 (68.8) | 172 (33.7) | <0.001 |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | P -value | |
| PCL-C score | 28.45 (11.07) | 52.03 (7.90) | 25.49 (7.18) | <0.001b |
| GAD-7 score | 3.86 (4.65) | 11.13 (5.52) | 2.95 (3.63) | 0.001b |
| SF-36 | ||||
| PCS score | 51.66 (7.80) | 46.40 (8.24) | 52.32 (7.49) | 0.001b |
| MCS score | 39.76 (11.35) | 27.11 (8.29) | 41.35 (10.68) | 0.001b |
a
Fisher's exact test.
b
Two independent-samples T-test.
Bold values: P < 0.05.
SD, standard deviation.