Table 5.

Results from experimental studies with LSDV: antibodies detection with several laboratory methods

Laboratory method	Type of inoculation	First day of antibody detection*	References
Antibody detection with ID Screen Capripox Double Antigen (DA) ELISA	Vector Feeding	22	EURL for Capripox**
	IVI and IDI	14–28	Moller et al. (2019)
	IVI	17–28	Wolff et al. (2020)
Antibody detection with Virus Neutralization technics (VNT)	Vector Feeding	14	Issimov et al. (2020)
	Vector Feeding	17–31	Sohier et al. (2019)
	IDI	13–19	Sohier et al. (2019); EURL for Capripox**
	IVI and IDI	14	Moller et al. (2019)
	IVI	17–28	Wolff et al. (2020)
	IVI	21	Babiuk et al. (2008)
	IVI	12–18	Irons et al. (2005)
	AI with infected semen	20–27	Annandale et al. (2014)
Antibody detection with IPMA	Vector Feeding	15–29	EURL for Capripox**
	IDI	8–13	EURL for Capripox**
Antibody detection with indirect immunofluorescence test (iIFT)	IVI and IDI	7–14	Moller et al. (2019)

AI – Artificial insemination with infected semen.

IDI – Intradermal Inoculation.

IVI – Intravenous Inoculation.

Vector Feeding – Inoculation by Vector Feeding.

^*The first day of antibody detection may vary in the animals of the same experiment, and therefore, a range is provided.

^**European Union Reference Laboratory for Capripox viruses; link: https://www.eurl-capripox.be/homepage.