Fig. 3.

NSP5 and N proteins inhibit IFN production. A549 cells were transfected with plasmids of empty vector, NSP5 (a and b), or N protein (c and d) as indicated, 24 h later. the cells were further stimulated with SeV (a and c) or poly (I:C) (b and d). At the indicated time points, cells were collected for RT-qPCR analysis to determine the relative expression levels of target genes normalized by GAPDH. Data are presented as mean values ± SEM from three biological replicates from one representative experiment of two. EV empty vector, h hours.