Table 3.

Grey matter areas showing significant longitudinal differences in cortical thickness or thalamic nucleus volumes between PD patients with visual hallucinations (PD-VH) and those without hallucinations (PD non-VH)

Changes in cortical thickness
Tailarach coordinates			Hemisphere	Anatomical location	Number of vertices	Size (mm2)	Zmax
x	y	z
28.1	−20.8	37.8	L	Precuneus	368	140.54	7.5
−32.7	55.4	14.2	R	Caudal anterior cingulate	136	56.87	7.4
29	13.8	27.1	R	Precentral	143	39.47	7.4
3.5	92.5	−31	R	Rostral middle frontal	115	57.25	7.3
27.7	−66.5	28.8	L	Superior frontal	134	55.16	7.2
−16	29.5	−12.3	L	Insula	184	45.62	7.1
−20.4	−11	42.5	L	Postcentral	113	29.17	7.1
−15.8	28.4	−31.5	L	Insula	343	136.58	7
5.7	67.6	30.9	L	Superior frontal	196	98.74	6.9
22.8	12.3	−5.5	R	Postcentral	126	31.91	6.7
−30.2	42.5	41.1	R	Superior frontal	53	27.29	6.7
38.1	48.9	−28.4	L	Rostral anterior cingulate	50	29.98	6.6
16.7	25.3	−27.5	R	Insula	152	57.93	6.6
28.3	−29.1	31.3	R	Supramarginal	91	24.73	6.6
35.8	0.5	25.4	R	Postcentral	84	22.18	6.4
3.5	−86.9	−28.8	R	Lateral occipital	19	9.09	6.3
30.2	24.7	38.3	L	Superior frontal	50	15.03	6.1
−33.5	62.6	4.4	R	Caudal anterior cingulate	50	29.73	6.1
39.4	−7	−29.4	R	Superior temporal	29	9.06	6.1
−4	93.4	−27.3	L	Rostral middle frontal	41	21.08	6
−27.7	36.1	11.5	L	Precentral	25	9.54	5.9

Changes in thalamic subnucleus volume
Thalamic subnucleus	Hemisphere	Beta	P value	Q value
Mediodorsal medial magnocellular	R	−0.037	0.002	0.05
Paracentral	L	−0.016	9.85E-06	<0.001

Anatomical locations extracted from aparc freesurfer annotation.

Zmax indicates the −log10 (p value) for the cluster, a threshold of 5.613 was calculated to represent false discover rate (FDR) corrected values p<0.05 for both hemispheres.

No statistically changes were seen at baseline imaging between PD-VH and PD non-VH participants.

L, left; PD, Parkinson’s disease; R, right.VH, visual hallucination;