Table 3.
Mass fractions/concentrations of ΣPBBs, ΣPBDEs, TBBPA, TBBPS, and ΣHBCD detected in different compartments of aquatic environment worldwide
| Location (number of analysed congeners in square brackets) | Sample type | Ref. | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| River water (ng/L) | Lake water (ng/L) | Seawater (ng/L) | Wastewater (ng/L) | Sediment (ng/g dw) | Fish (ang/g ww or bng/g lw) | |||
| PBB | Yaner Bay, China [4] Sewage treatment plants, China [4] |
112400 | 43800–44300 | (6) | ||||
| Three Gorges Reservoar, China [22] | 0.0278–0.1557a | (62) | ||||||
| Vaal River, South Africa [2] | 3.3–18 | (52) | ||||||
| North Sea, France [5] Baltic Sea, Poland [5] |
0.00057–2.116a 0.0455–0.635a |
(50) | ||||||
| PBDE | Yellow River, China [14] | 0.491–17.4 | 0.0357–43.0 | (32) | ||||
| Beijing, China [7] | 0.0236–1.255 | (63) | ||||||
| Bailianghe River, China [8] | 45.8–560b | (49) | ||||||
| Shandong Province, China [6] | 0.26–1.02a | (57) | ||||||
| Three Gorges Reservoar, China [27] | 0.023–0.218 | (62) | ||||||
| England [10] | 0.0092–0.1715 | (64) | ||||||
| Latvia [8] | <LOD | <LOD | 0.01–0.13 | (46) | ||||
| Sava River, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia [7] | 0.24–0.83a | (35) | ||||||
| Evrotas River, Greece [8] | <LOD–4.52 | 9.32–116b | (65) | |||||
| Ancona, Italy [15] | 0.013–0.418a | (39) | ||||||
| Las Tunas River, Cipolleti Lake, Argentina [4] | <LOD(4) | <LOD(4) | (31) | |||||
| Ashley and Cooper River, Charleston Harbor, US [8] | 0.02–3.74a | (66) | ||||||
| Chenab River, Pakistan [8] | 0.48–73.4 | 0.35–88.1 | (67) | |||||
| South Korea [27] | <LOD–0.74 | 0.16–7.09 | <LOD–14.68*b | (13) | ||||
| Tongyeong Bay, South Korea [19] | 1.58–6.94 | 2.18–307 | 4.7–37*b | (59) | ||||
| Ga-Selati River, Africa [7] | <LOD–0.29a | (68) | ||||||
| Vaal River, South Africa [8] | 20–98 | (52) | ||||||
| Brisbane River, Australia [8] | 0.01–12.4 | (69) | ||||||
| Antarctica [12] | <LODa | (70) | ||||||
| TBBPS | Shandong Province, China Xiaoqing River, China | <LOD | 12100 | (22) | ||||
| Pan River, China | <LOD | (19) | ||||||
| TBBPA | Northern China | <LOD–1800 | (71) | |||||
| Shandong Province, China Xiaoqing River, China | <LOD | 19300 | (22) | |||||
| Shandong Province, China Pan river, China | <LOD | 8.41–3.15 | (19) | |||||
| Weihe River, Northwest China | <LOD–12.279 | <LOD–3.889 | (61) | |||||
| South Japan | 0.01–0.11a | (72) | ||||||
| South Korea | <LOD–2790 | <LOD–0.61 | <LOD–158*b | (13) | ||||
| Lake Erie, Canada | <LOD–0.51 | (36) | ||||||
| England | 0.14–3.2 | 0.33–3.8 | <LOD–1.7b | (37) | ||||
| HBCD | Weihe River, Northwest China [3] | <LOD–4.04 | (55) | |||||
| South Korea [3] | <LOD–0.2 | 3.47–168 | <LOD–67.52*b | (13) | ||||
| Brisbane River, Australia [3] | 0.04–9.9 | (69) | ||||||
| England [3] | 0.08–0.270 | 0.88–4.8 | 14–290b | (37) | ||||
*
dw – dry weight; lw – lipid weight; ww – wet weight;
*
– bivalve samples; Average annual concentration of Environmental Quality Standard: PBDEs – 0.14 μg/L for inland; 0.014 μg/L for other surface waters; 0.0085 ng/g ww in biota (fish); HBCD – 0.0016 μg/L for inland and 0.0008 μg/L for other surface waters; 167 ng/g ww in biota (fish) (27)