Table 1.

Sex differences in the gut microbiome.

Component	Sex difference	References
Bacteroides	healthy men > healthy women	(67–70)
Prevotella	healthy men > healthy women	(69)
Bacteroides	obese men < obese women	(71)
Firmicutes	obese men < obese women	(71)
Bacteroides	healthy male mice > healthy female mice	(72)
Ruminococcaceae	healthy male mice > healthy female mice	(73)
Peptostreptococcaceae	healthy male mice < healthy female mice	(73)
TMAO	healthy male mice < healthy female mice	(74)
SCFA	male > female rats fed an oligofructose-supplemented diet	(75)

SCFA, short-chain fatty acids; TMAO, trimethylamine-N-oxide.