Table 2.
Bivariate analysis of factors associated with c-section.
| Variables | SC | PV | OR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | ||||
| Maternal age | ||||
| ⩾ 35 | 98 (27.8) | 53 (21.1) | 1.44 (0.98–2.11) | 0.074* |
| < 35 | 254 (72.2) | 198 (78.9) | ||
| Gestational age | ||||
| < 37 | 197 (56.0) | 116 (46.2) | 1.48 (1.07–2.05) | 0.023* |
| ⩾ 37 | 155 (44.0) | 135 (53.8) | ||
| Gravidity | ||||
| Primigravidity | 123 (34.9) | 105 (41.8) | 0.75 (0.53–1.04) | 0.102* |
| Multigravidas | 229 (61.1) | 146 (58.2) | ||
| Body height | ||||
| ⩽ 149 | 36 (10.2) | 21 (8.4) | 1.25 (0.71–2.19) | 0.53 |
| ⩾ 150 | 316 (89.8) | 230 (91.6) | ||
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | ||||
| Underweight | 28 (8.0) | 46 (18.3) | < 0.001* | |
| Normal | 129 (36.6) | 94 (37.5) | ||
| Overweight | 59 (16.8) | 41 (16.3) | ||
| Obese | 136 (38.6) | 70 (27.9) | ||
| Excessive weight gain | ||||
| Yes | 48 (13.6) | 23 (9.2) | 1.56 (0.92–2.69) | 0.121* |
| No | 304 (86.4) | 228 (90.8) | ||
| ANC > 4 times | ||||
| Yes | 330 (93.8) | 233 (92.8) | 1.16 (0.61–2.21) | 0.778 |
| No | 22 (6.3) | 18 (7.2) | ||
| Twin pregnancy | ||||
| Yes | 21 (6.0) | 13 (5.2) | 1.16 (0.57–2.37) | 0.815 |
| No | 331 (94.0) | 238 (94.8) | ||
| Presence chronic disease | ||||
| Yes | 83 (23.6) | 42 (16.7) | 1.53 (1.02–2.32) | 0.052* |
| No | 269 (76.4) | 209 (83.3) | ||
| History of vaginal delivery | ||||
| No | 237 (67.3) | 126 (50.2) | 2.04 (1.46–2.85) | < 0.001* |
| Yes | 115 (32.7) | 125 (49.8) | ||
| Previous uterine surgery | ||||
| Yes | 131 (37.2) | 15 (6.0) | 9.33 (5.30–16.41) | < 0.001* |
| No | 221 (62.8) | 236 (94.0) | ||
| Previous c-section < 19 months | ||||
| Yes | 5 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | – | 0.079 |
| No | 347 (98.6) | 251 (100) | ||
| Pregnancy program | ||||
| Yes | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | – | 1 |
| No | 351 (99.7) | 251 (100) | ||
| Obstetrical complications a | ||||
| Yes | 167 (47.4) | 40 (15.9) | 4.76 (3.20–7.09) | < 0.001* |
| No | 185 (52.6) | 211 (84.1) | ||
| Birth weight (gram) | ||||
| ⩾ 3500 | 50 (14.2) | 18 (7.2) | 2.14 (1.22–3.77) | 0.01* |
| < 3500 | 302 (85.8) | 233 (92.8) | ||
| Cephalic presentation | ||||
| No | 70 (19.9) | 25 (10.0) | 2.24 (1.38–3.66) | 0.001* |
| Yes | 282 (80.1) | 226 (90.0) | ||
| PROM ⩾ 6 h | ||||
| Yes | 87 (24,7) | 66 (26.3) | 0.92 (0.63–1.33) | 0.731 |
| No | 265 (75,3) | 185 (73.7) | ||
| PROM ⩾ 12 h | ||||
| Yes | 65 (18.5) | 49 (19.5) | 0.93 (0.62–1.41) | 0.825 |
| No | 287 (81.5) | 202 (80.5) | ||
OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; BMI: body mass index; ANC: antenatal care.
a
Hypertension in pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, intrauterine growth restrictions, placenta previa, and placental abruption.
*
Variables with p < 0.25 were selected for the multivariate analysis.