Table 3.

Ongoing trials on use of nebulized UFH (Unfractionated Heparin) in COVID-19 infection (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04397510).

Nebulized unfractionated heparin inhibits fibrin deposition and sequential microvascular thrombosis. There are trials in patients with acute lung insult, and related conditions showed that inhaled unfractionated heparin reduced pulmonary dead space and coagulation activation, thereby preventing microvascular thrombosis and clinical deterioration, resulting in increased time free of mechanical ventilation.
NCT04530578	Percentage of patients requiring mechanical ventilation [Time Frame: 15 days] PaO2 / FiO2 < 200 on blood gas (or the inability to maintain a SpO2 of 92% with a venturi mask). Acute respiratory failure (pH lower than 7.35 with PaCO2 more than 45 mmHg)	Nebulized Heparin in COVID-19-related acute severe respiratory syndrome (NEBUHEPA)
NCT04545541	Alive and Mechanical Ventilator Free Score [time frame: day 28] Validated hierarchical composite outcome, depending on mortality and ventilator free days, which is less likely to favor a treatment with discordant effects on survival and days free of mechanical ventilation.	Nebulized heparin in patients with severe COVID-19
NCT04397510	Mean daily PaO2 to FiO2 ratio [time frame: 10 days]	Treatment of COVID-19induced lung insult by nebulized heparin