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. 2022 Jan 24;59:103560. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103560

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© 2022 The Author(s)

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig 1: — Antibody levels to SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen after immunization and B cell counts of the two participating cohorts. A) Scheme shows time of the three COVID-19 vaccinations (vaccine 1–3) and temporal relationship of anti-CD20 therapy start (CD20 start) as well as longitudinal antibody assessment among the vaccine-CD20-vaccine cohort. We observed a relevant (3.8 – 9.4-fold) increase in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels after the booster vaccine in 3/4 patients despite B cell depletion. B) SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody levels to the COVID-19 booster dose. Antibody levels are significantly higher among the vaccine-CD20-vaccine cohort compared to the CD20-vaccine cohort. Only two individuals among the latter group had detectable antibodies, compared to 100% of the vaccine-CD20-vaccine individuals. C) Corresponding B cell counts from the peripheral circulation did not statistically differ among the two cohorts. Legend: Dashed lines in A) and B) represent the detection limit of the antibody assay; green vertical line in C) represents lower limit of normal for B cell counts. Data are shown as raw data and mean +/- standard error.