Table 2.

Baseline demographic and clinical parameters of the examined patients

Demographic/Clinical Characteristic	Lupus Nephritis (n=40), Mean (SD) or n (%)	SLE (n=20), Mean (SD) or n (%)	Biopsy Controls (n=12), Mean (SD) or n (%)	Healthy Controls (n=20), Mean (SD) or n (%)
Age, yrs	35 (11)	37.2 (9)	42 (13.1)	22.3 (7)
Sex, female	33(82)	18 (90)	7 (58.3)	18 (90)
Race
Black	36 (90)	20 (100)	6 (50)	17 (85)
White	3 (7.5)	0 (0)	6 (50)	3 (15)
Other	1 (2.5)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Blood pressure
Systolic	135 (17)	131 (12)	n/a	n/a
Diastolic	80 (11)	73 (9.1)	n/a	n/a
eGFR	71 (33)	n/a	n/a	n/a
Platelet count	219 (94)	221 (73)	n/a	n/a
White blood cell count	7.7 (5.3)	4.3 (3.7)	n/a	n/a
Hemoglobin	10 (1.8)	11.2 (3.1)	n/a	n/a
LN class
III or IV only	32 (67)	n/a	n/a	n/a
II only	6 (12.5)	n/a	n/a	n/a
V only	6 (12.5)	n/a	n/a	n/a
VI only	4 (8)	n/a	n/a	n/a
NIH Activity Index (range 0–24)	7.4 (5.1)	n/a	n/a	n/a
NIH Chronicity Index (range 0–12)	4.7 (2.3)	n/a	n/a	n/a
SLEDAI 2K (range 0–105)	8.8 (5.6)	3.5 (3.2)	n/a	n/a
SLICC/ACR damage index (range 0–47)	0.6 (1.0)	0.7 (1.1)	n/a	n/a
Concomitant treatment
Prednisone	27 (67.5)	11 (55)	n/a	n/a
Hydroxychloroquine	27 (67.5)	17 (85)	n/a	n/a
Methotrexate	1 (2.5)	3 (15)	n/a	n/a
Cyclophosphamide	3 (7.5)	0 (0)	n/a	n/a
Mycophenolate mofetil	19 (47.5)	7 (35)	n/a	n/a
Azathioprine	1 (2.5)	5 (25)	n/a	n/a
Belimumab	1 (2.5)	1 (5)	n/a	n/a
Rituximab	1 (2.5)	0 (0)	n/a	n/a

LN, lupus nephritis; NIH, National Institutes of Health; SLEDAI, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; SLICC, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics; ACR, American College of Rheumatology.