Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| N(%) | All, N = 3,101 (%) | No HCC, n = 2,988 (%) | HCC, n = 113 (%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Age (in years), mean (SD) | 56.8 (13.1) | 56.7 (13.2) | 59.4 (10.8) | <0.01 |
| Male | 2,942 (94.9) | 2,830(94.71) | 112 (99.1) | 0.02 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1,226 (39.5) | 1,180 (41.3) | 46 (41.8) | <0.01 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1,124 (36.3) | 1,071 (35.8) | 53 (46.9) | |
| Hispanic | 99 (3.2) | 95 (3.2) | 4(3.5) | |
| Asian | 423 (13.6) | 417 (14.0) | 6(5.3) | |
| Other | 96 (3.1) | 95 (3.2) | 1 (0.9) | |
| Diabetes | 834 (26.9) | 803 (26.9) | 31 (27.3) | 0.90 |
| Alcohol abuse | 936 (30.2) | 894 (29.9) | 42 (37.2) | 0.10 |
| Cirrhosis | 919 (32.2) | 851 (28.8) | 68 (60.2) | <0.01 |
| HBV treatment | ||||
| Entecavir | 1,457 (47.0) | 1,396 (46.7) | 61 (54.0) | 0.31 |
| TDF | 1,259 (40.6) | 1,220 (40.8) | 39 (34.5) | |
| Both | 385 (12.4) | 372 (12.5) | 13 (11.5) | |
| HBeAg | ||||
| Positive | 1,202 (38.8) | 1,157 (38.7) | 45 (39.8) | 0.97 |
| Negative | 1,625 (52.4) | 1,567 (52.4) | 58 (51.3) | |
| Missing | 274 (8.8) | 264 (8.8) | 10 (8.9) | |
| HBV DNA | ||||
| <2,000 IU/ml | 1,088 (35.1) | 1,051 (35.2) | 37 (32.7) | 0.81 |
| ≤2,000 IU/ml | 1,398 (54.8) | 1,635 (54.7) | 63 (55.8) | |
| Missing | 315 (10.1) | 302 (10.1) | 13 (11.5) | |
| Platelet (109/L), mean (SD) | 190.5 (74.3) | 192.3 (74.2) | 142.9 (61.1) | <0.01 |
| AST (IU/L), mean (SD) | 86.2 (141.6) | 85.7 (142.0) | 98.9 (130.6) | 0.35 |
| ALT (IU/L), mean (SD) | 101.1 (163.7) | 101.5 (164.9) | 91.2 (131.1) | 0.43 |
| Albumin (g/dl), mean (SD) | 3.8 (0.6) | 3.8 (0.6) | 3.5 (0.7) | <0.01 |
| Total bilirubin, mean (SD) | 1.2 (2.7) | 1.2 (2.7) | 1.4 (2.0) | 0.22 |
| AFP (μg/L), mean (SD) | 9.3 (48.0) | 9.2 (48.8) | 12.5 (19.0) | 0.14 |
| Follow-up (years), mean (SD) | 4.9 (3.1) | 4.9 (3.1) | 4.1 (2.5) | <0.01 |
N (%) missing: HBeAg (n = 274, 8.8%); HBV DNA (n = 315, 10.2%), platelet (n = 179, 5.8%), AST (192, 6.2%), ALT (173, 5.6%), albumin (442, 14.2%), total bilirubin (64, 2.0%), AFP (853, 27.5%). Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables and t test for continuous variables were used to compared people who developed HCC and people who did not.
AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.