Table 4.
Crude and Adjusted Odds Ratios for the Association Between Glucocorticoid Exposure and Venous Thromboembolism by Timing of Use and Number of Prescriptions Received: Asthma Patients Aged 20–59 Years in CPRD GOLD 1995–2015
| Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases/Controls (1168/4672) | Model 1a OR (95% CI) | Model 2b OR (95% CI) | Model 3c OR (95% CI) | |
| Recency and Number of Glucocorticoid Prescriptions | ||||
| Unexposed | 296/1763 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Current use | 670/1992 | 2.1 (1.8–2.5) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) |
| 1–6 | 133/297 | 2.8 (2.1–3.6) | 2.9 (2.2–3.8) | 2.9 (2.2–3.7) |
| 7–24 | 195/585 | 2.1 (1.7–2.5) | 1.9 (1.6–2.4) | 1.9 (1.6–2.4) |
| 25–49 | 152/455 | 2.1 (1.7–2.6) | 1.8 (1.4–2.2) | 1.8 (1.4–2.2) |
| 50+ | 190/655 | 1.8 (1.4–2.2) | 1.6 (1.2–2.0) | 1.6 (1.2–2.0) |
| Recent use | 118/495 | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) |
| 1–6 | 38/148 | 1.5 (1.1–2.3) | 1.6 (1.1–2.4) | 1.6 (1.1–2.4) |
| 7–24 | 48/201 | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) |
| 25–49 | 19/93 | 1.2 (0.7–2.1) | 1.1 (0.7–1.9) | 1.1 (0.7–1.9) |
| 50+ | 13/53 | 1.5 (0.8–2.8) | 1.5 (0.8–3.0) | 1.5 (0.8–3.0) |
| Past use | 84/422 | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) |
| 1–6 | 46/185 | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 1.6 (1.1–2.2) | 1.5 (1.1–2.2) |
| 7–24 | 27/177 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) |
| 25+ | 11/60 | 1.1 (0.6–2.1) | 0.9 (0.5–1.9) | 0.9 (0.5–1.9) |
| Recency and Cumulative Dose of Glucocorticoid Prescriptions | ||||
| Unexposed | 296/1763 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Current use | 670/1992 | 2.1 (1.8–2.5) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) |
| 1–999 | 116/281 | 2.5 (2.0–3.3) | 2.6 (2.0–3.5) | 2.6 (2.0–3.4) |
| 1000–9999 | 265/796 | 2.1 (1.7–2.5) | 1.9 (1.6–2.4) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) |
| 10,000+ | 289/915 | 2.0 (1.7–2.4) | 1.7 (1.4–2.1) | 1.7 (1.4–2.1) |
| Recent use | 118/495 | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) |
| 1–999 | 27/110 | 1.5 (1.0–2.3) | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) |
| 1000–9999 | 65/256 | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) | 1.4 (1.1–2.0) | 1.4 (1.1–2.0) |
| 10,000+ | 26/129 | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) |
| Past use | 84/422 | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) |
| 1–999 | 37/146 | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | 1.6 (1.1–2.4) | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) |
| 1000–9999 | 30/190 | 1.0 (0.6–1.4) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) |
| 10,000+ | 17/86 | 1.1 (0.7–2.0) | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) |
Notes: aUnadjusted. bAdjusted for phlebitis, COPD, diabetes, BMI, smoking. Conditional on the matching factors. cAdjusted for phlebitis, COPD, diabetes, BMI, smoking, hormone replacement/OCP, epilepsy, alcohol. Conditional on the matching factors. Unexposed = glucocorticoid use 1 year or more prior to the index date. Current use = glucocorticoid use 30 days or less prior to the index date; Recent use = glucocorticoid use 90 days–less than 180 days prior to the index date; Past use = glucocorticoid use 180 days–less than 1 year prior to the index date.
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.