Table 2.

Results of Multilevel Models with Participants Nested within Countries and Areas.

	Perceived stress				Loneliness
Fixed effects	β	95% CI	SE	p	β	95% CI	SE	p
Gender (Men vs Women)	−0.217	[−0.230, −0.204]	0.007	< 0.001	−0.128	[−0.142, −0.114]	0.007	< 0.001
Age	−0.006	[−0.006, −0.005]	0.000	< 0.001	−0.012	[−0.012, −0.011]	2.35E-04	< 0.001
Neuroticism	0.331	[0.322, 0.339]	0.004	< 0.001	0.255	[0.246, 0.264]	0.004	< 0.001
Extraversion	0.068	[0.059, 0.077]	0.005	< 0.001	0.089	[0.079, 0.099]	0.005	< 0.001
Openness	0.072	[0.066, 0.079]	0.003	< 0.001	−0.002	[−0.009, 0.005]	0.004	0.597
Agreeableness	0.030	[0.020, 0.040]	0.005	< 0.001	0.014	[0.004, 0.025]	0.005	0.008
Conscientiousness	−0.012	[−0.022, −0.002]	0.005	0.019	−0.031	[−0.042, −0.021]	0.005	< 0.001
Random effects	LRT	SD	p		LRT	SD		p
Country	7331.32	0.251	< 0.001		5372.94	0.251		< 0.001