Table 2.
Comparison between COVID positive AP with propensity matched historical cohort of AP∗.
| Parameters | COVID positive AP (n = 85) | Propensity matched Non-COVID AP cohort (n = 230) | Adjusted analysis# aOR (95% CI) |
P value@ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) Mean ± SD |
41.1 ± 13.0 | 40.07 ± 11.9 | 0.54 | |
| Female, N (percentage) | 27 (31.8%) | 73 (31.7%) | 0.99 | |
| Any co-morbidity, N (percentage) | 22 (25.9%) | 30 (13.2%) | 0.007 | |
| Severity of AP, N (percentage) | ||||
| Mild | 13 (15.3%) | 41 (17.8%) | ||
| Moderate | 40 (47.1%) | 96 (41.7%) | 0.68 | |
| Severe | 32 (37.6%) | 93 (40.4%) | ||
| SIRS at admission, N (percentage) | 79 (92.9%) | 110 (48.0%) | <0.0001 | |
| Outcome Parameters | ||||
| ALI, N (percentage) | 56 (65.9%) | 85 (37.0%) | 24.5 (8.6–69.9) | <0.0001 |
| AKI, N (percentage) | 25 (29.4%) | 53 (23.1%) | 2.1 (1.0–4.2) | 0.25 |
| CVSF, N (percentage) | 27 (31.8%) | 33 (14.4%) | 3.8 (1.9–7.6) | 0.001 |
| Multiple OF, N (percentage) | 34 (40.0%) | 55 (24.0%) | 3.8 (1.9–7.7) | <0.0001 |
| Need for ICU stay, N (percentage) | 48 (57.8%) | 85 (37.0%) | 2.9 (1.6–5.4) | 0.001 |
| Hospital stay (days)$ | 14.0 (16.5) | 15 (28.5) | 0.76 | |
| Need for ventilator support - NIV MV |
5 (5.9%) 28 (32.9%) |
10 (4.4%) 14 (6.1%) |
7.5 (3.7–15.3) | <0.0001 |
| Need for Dialysis, N (percentage) | 7 (8.2%) | 14 (6.1%) | 1.6 (0.6–4.5) | 0.50 |
| Interventions for local complications, N (percentage) | 34 (40.0%) | 114 (49.6%) | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.13 |
| Need for necrosectomy/Surgery, N (percentage) | 11 (12.9%) | 29 (17.3%) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.37 |
| In-hospital mortality, N (percentage) | 28 (32.9%) | 44 (19.1%) | 2.8 (1.5–5.3) | 0.010 |
∗Propensity matched (1:4) with age, sex and severity.
@ P value represents the difference in the parameter distribution between the COVID positive and COVID negative group.
#Adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities and severity.
$ represented as median (interquartile range).
Abbreviations: AP acute pancreatitis; COVID Coronavirus disease; aOR adjusted Odds' ratio; SIRS Systemic inflammatory response syndrome; ALI Acute lung injury; AKI Acute kidney injury; CVSF Cardiovascular system failure; OF organ failure; ICU intensive care; NIV non-invasive ventilation; MV mechanical ventilation; CI confidence interval.