Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in different age groups.
| characteristic | All | ≤18 | >18, ≤40 | >40, ≤60 | >60, ≤80 | >80 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 36,358 | 473 | 5,633 | 12,950 | 14,805 | 2,497 | |
| Age | 59[47.0, 69.0] | 9.00 [4.00, 14.00] | 34.00[30.00, 37.00] | 52[48.0, 57.0] | 68[64.0, 72.0] | 85[83.0,88.0] | |
| Sex(female/male) | 18,696/1766 (51.4/48.6) | 208/265 (44.0/56.0) | 2,760/2,873 (49.0/51.0) | 6,855/6,095 (52.9/47.1) | 7,604/7,201 (51.4/48.6) | 1,269/1,228 (50.8/49.2) | <0.001 |
| Systolic pressure | 126.0 [114.0, 138.0] | 114.50 [100.00, 122.75] | 120.00 [110.00, 130.00] | 125.0 [113.0, 135.0] | 130.0 [116.0, 141.0] | 130.0 [118.0, 144.0] | <0.001 |
| Diastolic pressure | 80.0 [72.0, 90.0] | 71.50 [61.00, 80.00] | 80.00 [71.00, 88.00] | 80.0 [74.0, 92.0] | 80.0 [73.0, 90.0] | 78.0 [70.0, 87.0] | <0.001 |
| Smoking | 794 (2.2%) | 4 (0.8) | 304 (5.4) | 258 (2.0) | 1,407 (2.7) | 45 (1.8) | <0.001 |
| Drinking | 2,697 (7.4) | 0 (0.0) | 84 (1.5) | 1,024 (7.9) | 1,193 (8.1) | 172 (6.9) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 3,931 (10.8) | 3 (0.6) | 170 (3.0) | 1,101 (8.5) | 2,267 (15.3) | 390 (15.6) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 8,498 (23.4) | 0 (0.0) | 187 (3.3) | 2,205 (17.0) | 4,993 (33.7) | 1,113 (44.6) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 459 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 22 (0.4) | 153 (1.2) | 250 (1.7) | 34 (1.4) | <0.001 |
| Heart disease | 2,452 (6.7) | 3 (0.6) | 75 (1.3) | 359 (2.8) | 1,446 (9.6) | 571 (20.1) | <0.001 |
| Cancer | 824 (2.3) | 6 (1.3) | 41 (0.7) | 257 (2.0) | 427 (2.9) | 93 (3.7) | <0.001 |
| COPD | 850 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 14 (0.2) | 125 (1.0) | 495 (3.3) | 216 (8.7) | <0.001 |
| Tuberculosis | 506 (1.4) | 1 (0.2) | 57 (1.0) | 157 (1.2) | 229 (1.5) | 62 (2.5) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 924 (2.5) | 1 (0.2) | 78 (1.4) | 315 (2.4) | 421 (2.8) | 109 (4.4) | <0.001 |
| Liver disease | 1,189 (3.3) | 4 (0.8) | 186 (3.3) | 511 (3.9) | 413 (2.8) | 75 (3.0) | <0.001 |
| Intracerebral hemorrhage | 178 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (0.1) | 42 (0.3) | 187 (0.6) | 41 (1.6) | <0.001 |
| Asthma | 386 (1.1) | 3 (0.6) | 52 (0.9) | 134 (1.0) | 165 (1.1) | 32 (1.3) | 0.48 |
| History of stroke | 1,160 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (0.1) | 136 (1.1) | 668 (4.5) | 348 (13.9) | <0.001 |
| Fever | 24,026 (66.1) | 266 (56.2) | 3,725 (66.1) | 8,799 (67.9) | 9,831 (66.4) | 1,405 (56.3) | <0.001 |
| Cough | 22,525 (62.0) | 209 (44.2) | 3,345 (59.4) | 8,164 (63.0) | 9,345 (63.1) | 1,462 (58.6) | <0.001 |
| Hemoptysis | 1,504 (4.1) | 7 (1.5) | 200 (3.6) | 480 (3.7) | 679 (4.6) | 138 (5.5) | <0.001 |
| Muscle soreness | 4,006 (11.0) | 11 (2.3) | 563 (10.0) | 1,457 (11.3) | 1,737 (11.7) | 238 (9.5) | <0.001 |
| Fatigue | 13,986 (38.5) | 46 (9.7) | 1,857 (33.0) | 4,909 (37.9) | 6,230 (42.1) | 944 (37.8) | <0.001 |
| Running nose | 845 (2.3) | 30 (6.3) | 128 (2.3) | 272 (2.1) | 357 (2.4) | 58 (2.3) | <0.001 |
| Pharyngalgia | 2,537 (7.0) | 13 (2.7) | 417 (7.4) | 903 (7.0) | 1,034 (7.0) | 170 (6.8) | 0.005 |
| Shortness of breath | 14,445 (39.7) | 25 (5.3) | 1,699 (30.2) | 5,084 (39.3) | 6,622 (44.7) | 1,015 (40.6) | <0.001 |
| Chest pain | 2,328 (6.4) | 9 (1.9) | 345 (6.1) | 810 (6.3) | 999 (6.7) | 165 (6.6) | <0.001 |
| Anorexia | 4,882 (13.4) | 11 (2.3) | 582 (10.3) | 1,567 (12.1) | 2,260 (15.3) | 462 (18.5) | <0.001 |
| Nausea and vomiting | 3,821 (10.5) | 39 (8.2) | 604 (10.7) | 1,283 (9.9) | 1,614 (10.9) | 281 (11.3) | 0.019 |
| Diarrhea | 4,762 (13.1) | 24 (5.1) | 770 (13.7) | 1,675 (12.9) | 1,993 (13.5) | 300 (12.0) | <0.001 |
| Stomachache | 1,988 (5.5) | 15 (3.2) | 311 (5.5) | 621 (4.8) | 860 (5.8) | 81 (7.2) | <0.001 |
| Deadache | 2,773 (7.6) | 17 (3.6) | 458 (8.1) | 1,026 (7.9) | 1,091 (7.4) | 181 (7.2) | 0.002 |
| Dizziness | 2,093 (5.8) | 6 (1.3) | 343 (6.1) | 717 (5.5) | 854 (5.8) | 173 (6.9) | <0.001 |
| Disturbance of consciousness | 404 (1.1) | 2 (0.4) | 26 (0.5) | 77 (0.6) | 187 (1.3) | 112 (4.5) | <0.001 |
| BWC, >10 ×109 cells/L | 1,858 (7.37) | 5 (3.5) | 180 (4.7) | 478 (5.4) | 975 (9.2) | 220 (12.1) | <0.001 |
| LC, <0.8 ×109 cells/L | 6,354 (20.84) | 6 (3.8) | 419 (9.3) | 1,863 (17.0) | 3,313 (25.9) | 753 (36.3) | <0.001 |
| Platelets, <100 ×109 cells/L | 1,284 (4.39) | 3(1.9) | 81 (1.8) | 364 (3.3) | 655 (5.1) | 181 (8.7) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, <90 g/L | 1,196 (3.93) | 5 (3.2) | 69 (1.5) | 342 (3.1) | 572 (4.5) | 208 (10.0) | <0.001 |
| Albumin, <35g/L | 8,005 (29.01) | 1 (0.7) | 382 (9.3) | 2,015 (20.4) | 4,585 (39.7) | 1,022 (53.6) | <0.001 |
| ALT, >40 u/L | 6,386 (23.05) | 20 (13.2) | 1,156 (28.2) | 2,480 (25.0) | 2,480 (21.4) | 250 (13.0) | <0.001 |
| Prothrombin time, >16s | 1,769 (7.03) | 15 (11.3) | 233 (6.4) | 536 (6.1) | 774 (7.2) | 211 (11.6) | <0.001 |
| D-D dimer, >0.5 μg/L | 13,211 (36.34) | 29 (23.1) | 1,083 (28.6) | 3,567 (38.01) | 6,935 (60.85) | 1,597 (82.83) | <0.001 |
| Die | 2,492 (6.9) | 4 (0.8) | 64 (1.1) | 435 (3.4) | 1,452 (9.8) | 539 (21.6) | <0.001 |
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; BWC, blood white cells; LC, lymphocyte; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase. Data are reported as a number of patients and percentage in the age group (%) for categorical variables and median (interquartile range [IQR]) for continuous variables.