Table 2.

Differentially expressed miRNAs in COVID-19 vs. CAP patients found in discovery cohort.

miRNA	FDR corrected p-valuee	Confidence Interval 95%		COVID-19/CAP
hsa-miR-140-3p	0.01790	0.5072	1.2578	↑
hsa-miR-335-5pb	0.00895	-0.4236	-0.1462	↓
hsa-miR-27b-3pa	0.00597	-1.1172	-0.3485	↓
hsa-miR-660-5pa	0.00448	0.3304	1.0587	↑
hsa-miR-130a-3pa	0.00358	-1.1136	-0.505	↓
hsa-miR-16-5pa	0.00298	0.5155	1.1372	↑
hsa-miR-146a-5pa	0.00256	-1.7077	-0.7462	↓
hsa-miR-362-3pb	0.00224	0.0898	0.2843	↑
hsa-miR-425-5pb	0.00199	0.2963	0.6154	↑
hsa-miR-101-3pa	0.00179	0.33	0.939	↑
hsa-miR-376a-3pb	0.00163	-0.4307	-0.1448	↓
hsa-miR-126-5pa	0.00149	-1.2407	-0.5048	↓
hsa-miR-382-5p b	0.00138	-0.2923	-0.1191	↓
hsa-miR-451a b	0.00128	7.8489	14.9547	↑
hsa-miR-19a-3p a	0.00119	0.2923	0.8424	↑
hsa-miR-19b-3p a	0.00112	0.2318	0.7337	↑
hsa-miR-24-3p b	0.00105	-1.3138	-0.612	↓
hsa-miR-199a-3p d	0.00099	–	–	↓
hsa-miR-584-5pb	0.00942	-0.3005	0.0837	↓
hsa-miR-16-2-3p	0.00895	0.1146	0.3954	↑
hsa-miR-532-3p	0.01705	0.0476	0.1899	↑
hsa-miR-424-5pa	0.01627	0.2387	1.0115	↑
hsa-miR-25-3p	0.01557	1.4206	6.1161	↑
hsa-miR-99b-5p b	0.01492	-0.2093	-0.5208	↓
hsa-miR-361-5pb	0.02065	-0.3181	-0.0672	↓
hsa-miR-221-3pc	0.01989	-1.1492	0.8271	↓
hsa-miR-194-5p b	0.03703	0.0689	0.3965	↑
hsa-miR-29c-3p	0.04042	0.5399	3.2983	↑
hsa-miR-33a-5p b	0.05034	-0.375	-0.0576	↓
hsa-miR-106b-5pa	0.05424	-3.4736	-0.2214	↑
hsa-miR-126-3p a	0.06137	-1.2407	-0.5048	↓
hsa-miR-502-3p	0.06289	0.0187	0.148	↑
hsa-miR-186-5p	0.07344	0.0166	0.1513	↑
hsa-miR-130b-3p c	0.08055	-4.882	-0.4597	↓
hsa-miR-30a-5pc	0.08098	0.4416	4.8825	↑

All miRNAs passing FDR correction (p-value<q-value) are shown. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed except for ^c(logistic regression) and ^d(Mann-Whitney tests). The arrows represent up or downregulation for each miRNA in COVID-19 with respect to CAP. miRNAs in bold were selected for validation assays. ^alog transformed miRNAs, ^bsquare root transformed miRNAs, ^cvariable categorisation, ^eq-value threshold: 0.1.