Table 3.

Post–Cardiac Arrest Syndrome^{9,30,53,83–96}

Key component	Clinical manifestations	Monitoring	Therapies
Brain injury	Encephalopathy Cerebral edema Seizures Myoclonus Coma	EEG Clinical neurological examination Brain CT Brain MRI Near-infrared spectroscopy; transcranial Doppler	Antiseizure medications TTM: 32–34 °C or 36–37.5 °C Sedation Oxygen saturation 94%−99%
Myocardial dysfunction	Left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction Hypotension Arrhythmias Low cardiac output Pulmonary edema	Arterial line Echocardiogram Cardiac monitoring	Inotropic medications Antiarrhythmic medications Electrolyte repletion Mechanical ventilation
Systemic ischemia-reperfusion response	Hypotension Vasoplegia Hypovolemia Hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia Adrenal insufficiency Coagulopathy Multisystem organ dysfunction Pyrexia	Pulse oximetry Temperature Urine output Laboratorystudies (pH; lactate; end-organ perfusion; coagulation; oxygenation/ventilation) Chest radiograph	Vasoactive medications Insulin/dextrose Corticosteroids Product replacement TTM/antipyretic medications Renal replacement therapy
Persistent precipitating pathophysiological condition	Ongoing underlying disease process (eg, respiratoryfailure, sepsis, and pulmonary hypertension)	Observation/monitoring in ICU setting Ongoing assessment of progression of underlying illnesses	Specific to individual pathophysiological processes

Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; EEG, electroencephalogram; ICU, intensive care unit; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; TTM, targeted temperature management.