Figure 3. Adjusted Hazard Ratios (aHRs) of Dementia by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) Severity of Each Ischemic Stroke Compared With Not Having a Stroke (N = 15 379).

^aIndicates a statistically significant interaction was detected between high school education (P = .01) and minor to mild stroke (NIHSS ≤ 10). HRs and 95% CIs were calculated from cause-specific, multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. All models were adjusted for age, sex, race and center, education, apolipoprotein E (APOE) alleles, and global cognition as time-invariant covariates. Body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared), systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol at baseline were also included as time-invariant covariates. Atrial fibrillation, cigarette use, diabetes, antihypertensive medication use, and statin use were included as time-varying covariates.