Table 1.
Patient and Procedural Factors by Receipt of Combined Preparation
| Combined preparation omitted (n = 8,041) | Combined preparation received (n = 13,848) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 64.0 (53.0–73.0) | 62.0 (52.0–71.0) | < 0.001 |
| Gender | 0.03 | ||
| Male | 3727 (46.3) | 6634 (47.9) | |
| Female | 4314 (53.7) | 7214 (52.1) | |
| Race | < 0.001 | ||
| White | 4887 (60.8) | 10723 (77.4) | |
| Black | 582 (7.2) | 1201 (8.7) | |
| Asian | 397 (4.9) | 414 (3.0) | |
| Other | 32 (0.4) | 137 (1.0) | |
| Unknown/not reported | 2143 (26.7) | 1373 (9.9) | |
| Ethnicity | < 0.001 | ||
| Non-Hispanic | 5689 (70.8) | 12068 (87.2) | |
| Hispanic | 405 (5.0) | 778 (5.6) | |
| Unknown/not reported | 1947 (24.2) | 1002 (7.2) | |
| Hypertension | 3898 (48.5) | 6402 (46.2) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1360 (16.9) | 2113 (15.3) | 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 27.9 (24.2-32.1) | 28.3 (24.5-32.7) | < 0.001 |
| BMI category | < 0.001 | ||
| <18.5 kg/m2 | 183 (2.3) | 272 (2.0) | |
| 18.5–29 kg/m2 | 4987 (62.0) | 8198 (59.2) | |
| 30–39 kg/m2 | 2368 (29.5) | 4499 (32.5) | |
| ≥ 40 kg/m2 | 503 (6.3) | 879 (6.4) | |
| Congestive heart failure | 52 (0.7) | 67 (0.5) | 0.11 |
| Dyspnea | 545 (6.8) | 867 (6.3) | 0.13 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 351 (4.4) | 583 (4.2) | 0.58 |
| Current smoker | 1225 (15.2) | 2028 (14.6) | 0.24 |
| Dialysis | 40 (0.5) | 56 (0.4) | 0.32 |
| Disseminated cancer | 501 (6.2) | 649 (4.7) | < 0.001 |
| Independent functional status | 7898 (98.2) | 13699 (98.9) | < 0.001 |
| Open wound/infection | 85 (1.1) | 139 (1.0) | 0.71 |
| Chronic steroid use | 580 (7.2) | 957 (6.9) | 0.40 |
| >10% weight loss | 266 (3.3) | 437 (3.2) | 0.54 |
| Inpatient procedure | 7920 (98.5) | 13739 (99.2) | < 0.001 |
| ASA physical status classification | < 0.001 | ||
| ASA 1 | 151 (1.9) | 243 (1.8) | |
| ASA 2 | 3304 (41.1) | 6383 (46.1) | |
| ASA 3 | 4171 (51.9) | 6828 (49.3) | |
| ASA 4 | 415 (5.2) | 394 (2.9) | |
| Surgical approach | < 0.001 | ||
| Open | 1821 (22.7) | 2144 (15.5) | |
| Laparoscopic | 5223 (65.0) | 9054 (65.4) | |
| Robotic | 997 (12.4) | 2650 (19.1) | |
| Indication for surgery | < 0.001 | ||
| Malignancy | 3981 (49.5) | 6615 (47.8) | |
| Diverticular disease | 1607 (20.0) | 3485 (25.2) | |
| Benign polyp | 783 (9.7) | 1432 (10.3) | |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 474 (5.9) | 771 (5.6) | |
| Othera | 1196 (14.9) | 1545 (11.2) |
IQR = interquartile range; BMI = body mass index; ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists.
a
Enterocolitis, bleeding, and other diagnoses.