Table 1.
Mixed-Model Repeated Analyses of Covariance for Outcome Measures
Time | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Posttest | 6 Months | 12 Months | ||||||
Length of therapy | Trauma narrative | N | M adj | SE | M adj | SE | M adj | SE |
K-SADS-Reexperiencing | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 40 | 1.76 | 0.22 | 1.37 | 0.26 | 1.03 | 0.25 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 39 | 1.86 | 0.22 | 1.44 | 0.25 | 1.25 | 0.25 |
16 Sessions | No | 35 | 1.02 | 0.24 | 0.92 | 0.26 | 0.71 | 0.26 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 44 | 1.41 | 0.21 | 1.62 | 0.24 | 1.46 | 0.25 |
Total | 1.51 | 0.11 | 1.34 | 0.13 | 1.11 | 0.13 | ||
K-SADS-Avoidance | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 40 | 1.77 | 0.21 | 1.68 | 0.24 | 1.36 | 0.23 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 39 | 1.68 | 0.21 | 0.93 | 0.24 | 0.84 | 0.24 |
16 Sessions | No | 35 | 1.09 | 0.22 | 1.00 | 0.24 | 0.74 | 0.25 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 44 | 1.35 | 0.20 | 1.36 | 0.22 | 1.38 | 0.23 |
Total | 1.47 | 0.10 | 1.24 | 0.12 | 1.08 | 0.12 | ||
K-SADS-Hypervigilance | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 40 | 1.49 | 0.22 | 1.35 | 0.25 | 0.90 | 0.25 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 39 | 1.26 | 0.22 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 1.06 | 0.25 |
16 Sessions | No | 35 | 0.78 | 0.23 | 0.80 | 0.25 | 0.60 | 0.26 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 44 | 1.33 | 0.21 | 1.22 | 0.23 | 1.56 | 0.24 |
Total | 1.24 | 0.11 | 1.14 | 0.12 | 1.03 | 0.13 | ||
CBCL-Internalizing | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 40 | 7.10 | 1.03 | 6.32 | 1.16 | 5.63 | 1.14 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 38 | 6.75 | 1.04 | 7.17 | 1.13 | 6.73 | 1.11 |
16 Sessions | No | 35 | 4.01 | 1.08 | 5.99 | 1.15 | 5.25 | 1.19 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 43 | 6.64 | 0.98 | 7.69 | 1.06 | 7.61 | 1.12 |
Total | 6.13 | 0.51 | 6.79 | 0.56 | 6.31 | 0.57 | ||
CBCL-Externalizing | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 40 | 8.64 | 1.03 | 8.41 | 1.22 | 6.40 | 1.19 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 38 | 9.97 | 1.04 | 10.13 | 1.18 | 9.53 | 1.15 |
16 Sessions | No | 35 | 6.08 | 1.10 | 7.66 | 1.19 | 8.06 | 1.25 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 43 | 10.35 | 0.99 | 10.34 | 1.10 | 10.34 | 1.19 |
Total | 8.76 | 0.52 | 9.14 | 0.59 | 8.58 | 0.60 | ||
CSBI-Child sexual behavior | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 39 | 3.85 | 0.69 | 1.81 | 0.81 | 2.00 | 0.79 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 38 | 3.45 | 0.70 | 3.80 | 0.78 | 3.44 | 0.76 |
16 Sessions | No | 35 | 1.68 | 0.73 | 2.58 | 0.79 | 2.39 | 0.82 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 43 | 3.13 | 0.66 | 2.43 | 0.73 | 2.10 | 0.78 |
Total | 3.03 | 0.35 | 2.66 | 0.39 | 2.48 | 0.39 | ||
PERQ-Parental distress | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 38 | 32.25 | 1.68 | 32.34 | 1.88 | 27.68 | 1.83 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 36 | 27.77 | 1.69 | 25.38 | 1.82 | 24.59 | 1.79 |
16 Sessions | No | 30 | 27.19 | 1.86 | 25.14 | 1.98 | 25.59 | 1.96 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 36 | 30.64 | 1.71 | 30.96 | 1.81 | 27.93 | 1.85 |
Total | 29.46 | 0.87 | 28.45 | 0.93 | 26.45 | 1.28 | ||
Time: F(2,198) = 9.08** MadjDiff. Posttest > 12 months | ||||||||
PPQ-Parenting practices | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 37 | 151.86 | 1.38 | 149.17 | 1.63 | 152.86 | 1.60 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 36 | 151.12 | 1.40 | 151.45 | 1.60 | 150.57 | 1.58 |
16 Sessions | No | 31 | 156.07 | 1.51 | 154.51 | 1.71 | 154.63 | 1.68 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 36 | 149.26 | 1.40 | 149.54 | 1.56 | 148.24 | 1.63 |
Total | 152.08 | 0.71 | 151.17 | 0.81 | 151.58 | 0.81 | ||
BDI-II-Parental depression | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 38 | 8.05 | 1.16 | 9.57 | 1.34 | 6.20 | 1.33 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 37 | 6.31 | 1.17 | 6.48 | 1.31 | 6.99 | 1.28 |
16 Sessions | No | 31 | 5.50 | 1.28 | 4.98 | 1.39 | 4.20 | 1.39 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 36 | 8.60 | 1.20 | 9.99 | 1.31 | 9.60 | 1.40 |
Total | 7.12 | 0.60 | 7.75 | 0.67 | 6.75 | 0.67 | ||
CDI-Child depression | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 28 | 6.51 | 1.00 | 3.78 | 1.27 | 4.12 | 1.21 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 26 | 6.20 | 1.03 | 5.65 | 1.32 | 4.49 | 1.32 |
16 Sessions | No | 29 | 6.09 | 0.97 | 3.32 | 1.04 | 4.61 | 1.08 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 29 | 4.61 | 0.96 | 4.03 | I.I0 | 4.90 | I.I9 |
Total | 5.85 | 0.49 | 4.20 | 0.59 | 4.53 | 0.60 | ||
MASC-Child anxiety | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 28 | 48.86 | 2.95 | 45.89 | 3.73 | 34.74 | 3.50 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 26 | 36.78 | 3.06 | 34.24 | 3.80 | 31.96 | 3.78 |
16 Sessions | No | 28 | 36.51 | 2.88 | 37.64 | 3.08 | 35.81 | 3.13 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 29 | 41.98 | 2.83 | 42.84 | 3.17 | 37.81 | 3.34 |
Total | 41.03 | 1.45 | 40.15 | 1.71 | 35.08 | 1.71 | ||
Time. F(2,I44) = 7.35* MadjDiff. Posttest > 12 months | ||||||||
Child shame | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 35 | 3.24 | 0.48 | 1.97 | 0.60 | 1.50 | 0.57 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 27 | 2.21 | 0.55 | 2.20 | 0.66 | 2.08 | 0.64 |
16 Sessions | No | 33 | 1.85 | 0.49 | 1.53 | 0.54 | 1.41 | 0.55 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 29 | 2.93 | 0.52 | 1.57 | 0.56 | 2.48 | 0.62 |
Total | 2.56 | 0.25 | 1.82 | 0.29 | 1.87 | 0.30 | ||
Child fear | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 40 | 3.02 | 0.22 | 1.87 | 0.27 | 1.94 | 0.26 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 38 | 2.14 | 0.23 | 2.10 | 0.26 | 1.69 | 0.26 |
16 Sessions | No | 36 | 2.66 | 0.24 | 2.18 | 0.26 | 2.20 | 0.27 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 42 | 1.97 | 0.22 | 2.35 | 0.24 | 2.14 | 0.26 |
Total | 2.45 | 0.11 | 2.12 | 0.13 | 1.99 | 0.13 | ||
WIST-Child safety skills | ||||||||
8 Sessions | No | 41 | 19.44 | 0.61 | 20.30 | 0.74 | 19.21 | 0.71 |
8 Sessions | Yes | 39 | 19.34 | 0.62 | 18.73 | 0.73 | 18.57 | 0.71 |
16 Sessions | No | 36 | 19.86 | 0.65 | 20.58 | 0.72 | 19.72 | 0.73 |
16 Sessions | Yes | 44 | 19.07 | 0.59 | 18.83 | 0.66 | 18.68 | 0.71 |
Total | 19.42 | 0.31 | 19.61 | 0.36 | 19.05 | 0.36 |
Note. BDI-II = Beck Depression Inventory-II, CBCL = Child Behavior Checklist, CDI = Children’s Depression Inventory, Fear = Fear Thermometer, K-SADS = Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children, MASC = Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, PERQ = Parent Emotional Reaction Questionnaire, PPQ = Parent Practices Questionnaire, WIST = What If Situations Test Safety Skills subscale, TN = trauma narrative, Madj = adjusted mean, MadjDiff = adjusted mean difference, SE = standard error of the adjusted mean
p < .05, Bonferroni adjusted (α/14).
p < .01