Table 3.
Airway, breathing, and circulatory sedation-related adverse events. Data presented as absolute number (n) of discrete events recorded; doses presented as median (range). ACPS, anaesthetist-controlled propofol sedation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PMPS, patient-maintained propofol sedation.
| ACPS (n=39) | PMPS (n=37) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minor airway or breathing | |||
| Supplemental oxygen (>6 L min−1) | 1 | 0 | — |
| Airway repositioning (chin lift/jaw thrust) | 4 | 0 | — |
| Tactile stimulation | 0 | 0 | — |
| Suctioning for hypersalivation | 0 | 0 | — |
| Anticholinergic for hypersalivation | 0 | 0 | — |
| Nasal airway | 0 | 0 | — |
| Intermediate airway or breathing | |||
| Positive-pressure ventilation | 0 | 0 | — |
| Naloxone or flumazenil | 0 | 0 | — |
| Oral airway | 1 | 0 | — |
| Sentinel airway or breathing | |||
| Tracheal intubation | 0 | 0 | — |
| Neuromuscular block | 0 | 0 | — |
| Pulmonary aspiration | 0 | 0 | — |
| Additional airway or breathing | |||
| Ventilatory frequency <8 bpm | 11 | 5 | — |
| Oxygen saturations <94% (88% if COPD) | 6 | 3 | — |
| Total airway/breathing adverse events | 23 | 8 | 0.002 |
| Intermediate circulatory | |||
| Bolus of i.v. fluid | 0 | 0 | — |
| Sentinel circulatory | |||
| Vasoactive drug administration | |||
| Glycopyrronium | 1 | 1 | — |
| Dose (μg) | 400 | 200 | — |
| Metaraminol | 24 | 19 | — |
| Dose (mg) | 1.0 (0–4.5) | 0.25 (0–3) | — |
| Ephedrine | 10 | 6 | — |
| Dose (mg) | 0 (0–27) | 0 (0–18) | — |
| Chest compressions | 0 | 0 | — |
| Death | 0 | 0 | — |
| Total circulatory adverse events | 35 | 26 | 0.249 |