| Extrusion
bioprinting |
line by line |
medium-low |
low cost, simplicity, printability of high cell density and
highly viscous bioinks |
clogging nozzles, mechanical
stresses generated while bioink
deposition |
(34,51−53) |
| Inkjet-based biopritning |
drop by drop |
medium |
low cost, high cell
viability, high resolution, high throughput,
noncontact printing |
limited bioink, low strength, nozzle
clogging, risk of exposing
cells to mechanical and thermal stress, possibility of cell agglomeration
and sedimentation |
(28,41,54,55) |
| Laser-assisted bioprinting |
drop by drop |
high |
high cell viability, noncontact, nozzle-free,
high precision
and resolution |
low scalability, low flow rate caused
by fast gelation, time-consuming |
(28,56,57) |
