| Collagen |
NIH3T3 fibroblasts,
human keratinocytes |
Laser-based |
Fabrication
of viable skin constructs, formation of multilayered
epidermis within 11 days. |
(56) |
| Collagen type-I on Matriderm |
Human immortalized keratinocyte, NIH 3T3 fibroblasts |
Laser-based |
Histological analysis: high density of
fibroblasts and keratinocytes,
expression of laminin protein (a component of basement membrane in
the skin). |
(59) |
| Collagen type I |
Fibroblasts, keratinocytes |
Extrusion based |
Densely packed cells in epidermis layers and low density of
cells in the dermis. |
(45) |
| Collagen hydrogel precursor |
Fibroblast,
melanocytes, keratinocytes |
Extrusion based |
Fabrication of full-thickness skin model containing pigmentation. |
(91) |
| Collagen
and fibrinogen |
Amniotic fluid-based stem cell or mesenchymal
stem cells |
Inkjet |
The presence of blood
vessels in the subcutaneous adipose tissue
revealed in histological analysis. |
(109) |
| Hydrogel fibrinogen and collagen type I |
Fibroblast, keratinocyte |
Inkjet (in situ) |
Design of a system for in situ
skin bioprinting. Acceleration
of wound regeneration by bioprinted fibroblasts and keratinocytes
compared to the controls. |
(110) |
| Collagen hydrogel, gelatin, PCL (polycaprolatone) |
Fibroblast, keratinocyte |
Extrusion and inkjet
based |
Fabrication of skin model with functional transwell
system
containing stabilized fibroblast-stretched dermis and stratified epidermis
layers |
(108) |
| Gelatin, Fibrinogen, alginate |
Fibroblasts, keratinocytes |
Extrusion based |
Generation of a full-thickness
akin by scaffold-free bioprinting
strategy. |
(43) |
| Plasma-derived fibrin |
Human fibroblast, human
keratinocyte |
Extrusion based |
The structural
and functional features and consistency of bioprinted
skin are comparable to human skin. |
(50) |
| Skin differentiation medium, Collagen
I, fetal bovine serum, |
Human keratinocytes, human fibroblast,
human endothelial cells,
human pericytes |
Extrusion based |
Fabrication
of multilayered vascularized bioengineered skin
graft biologically and morphologically similar to native skin. |
(95) |
| Collagen,
Thrombin, Fibrinogen |
Neonatal human dermal fibroblasts
and epidermal keratinocytes,
dermal microvascular endothelial cells |
Inkjet-based |
Bioprinted scaffold revealed 17% better wound contraction |
(111) |
| Gelatin,
Glycerol, Fibrinogen, Hyaluronic acid, Poly(urethane) |
Human fibroblasts, Human keratinocytes |
Extrusion based |
Development of 3D printed BioMask for facial skin regeneration.
Histological analyses revealed the regeneration of skin tissue on
complex wounds. |
(112) |
| Fibrinogen, Glycerol, Gelatin, Hyaluronic acid,
Aprotinin |
Human keratinocytes, Human melanocytes, Primary
human fibroblasts,
follicle dermal papillary cells, preadipocytes |
Extrusion
based |
The bioprinted skin enhanced the closure of the
wound by promoting
the formation of the epidermal barrier. |
(93) |
