Table 2.
Long non-coding RNAs related to the biotic stress response.
| Pathogen | Associated Stress | lncRNA | Mechanism | Plant | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacteria | Bacterial speck disease (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000) | Up- ELENA1 | Directly interact with MED19a | Arabidopsis thaliana | [55] |
| Bacterial canker (Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae) | Up- TCONS_00202033, TCONS_0019494 & TCONS_00076221 |
Unknown | Actinidi adeliciosa | [56] | |
| Bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) | Up- ALEX1 | Interacts with JA related genes | Oryza sativa | [57] | |
| Fungal | Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) | Up- TalnRNA5, TapmlnRNA19 | Precursor of miR2004 | Triticum aestivum | [58] |
| Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) | Up- TalnRNA9 | Signal recognition particle 7S RNA variant 1 | Triticum aestivum | [58] | |
| Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) | Up- TapmlnRNA2, TapmlnRNA7 | Precursor of siRNA | Triticum aestivum | [58] | |
| White mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) | Up- TCONS_00012499, TCONS_00004577, TCONS_00004034, TCONS_00009614, TCONS_00015411 | Precursor of mi156 | Brassica napus | [59] | |
| White mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) | Up- TCONS_00006568, TCONS_00018692, TCONS_000017152, TCONS_00008591, TCONS_00001092 |
Precursor of mi169 | Brassica napus | [59] | |
| Wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum) | Up- TAR-66 (lincRNA) | Co-induction with neighboring defense-related gene | Arabidopsis thaliana | [60] | |
| Wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum) | Up- TAR- 67,-191,- 197,-224 | Unknown | Arabidopsis thaliana | [60] | |
| Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) | Up- TalncRNA18, 106 | Unknown | Triticum aestivum | [61] | |
| Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) | Up & Dp at different dpi- TalncRNA73, 108 | Unknown | Triticum aestivum | [61] | |
| Viral | TYLCV Infection | Up- Slylnc0195 | Target mimicry of miR166 | Solanum lycopersicum | [62] |
| TYLCVInfection | Dn- Slylnc1077 | Target mimicry of miR399 | Solanum lycopersicum | [62] | |
| CGMMV infection | Up- lncRNALNC_1497 | Target mimicry of MIR4995-p5_Iss19GC | Citrullus lanatus | [63] |
Up, upregulation; Dn, Downregulation; dpi, days post-inoculation; TAR, transcriptionally active region; TYLCV, tomato yellow leaf curl virus; CGMMV, cucumber green mottle mosaic virus.