Table 1.
Profiles and Biochemical Basis of Multiple AG Resistance in Actinomycetes
| AG resistance* | Resistance factor | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strains | Own AGs | S | K | G | R | B | N | P | I | Self | Nonself |
| Streptomyces tenebrarius ISP5477 | TOB | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 16SrRNA, AAC(2′), AAC(6′) | APH(6) |
| Streptomyces kasugaensis MB273 | KSM | ● | ● | ○ | ● | ● | ● | AAC | AAC(2′) | ||
| Streptomyces tenjimariensis SS-939 | ISM | ● | ● | ● | ● | 16SrRNA | |||||
| Streptomyces kanamyceticus ISP5500 | KM | ● | ● | ● | AAC(6′), 16SrRNA(?) | ||||||
| Streptomyces fradiae ISP5063 | NM | ○ | ● | ○ | ● | ● | APH(3′), AAC(3) | ||||
| Micromonospora purpurea KCC-0074 | GM | ● | ● | ● | 16SrRNA | ||||||
| Streptomyces griseus SS-1198 | SM | ● | APH(6) | ||||||||
| SS-1198PR | − | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ | APH(6) | AAC(3) | ||
| Strain #8 | ? | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ? | AAC(1), AAC(6′) | ||
*Resistance to 50 µg/ml of AG; ●: resistant, ○: variable, No indication: sensitive. S & SM: streptomycin, K & KM: kanamycin, G & GM: gentamicin, R: ribostamycin, B: butirocin, N & NM: neomycin, P: paromomycin, I & ISM: istamycin, TOB: tobramycin, KSM: kasugamycin, AAC: aminoglycoside N-acetyltransferase, APH: aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase.