Table 5.

Imaging in hypoparathyroidism.

Organ	Looking for	Interval	Comments
Kidney	Nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis	At diagnosis;As clinically indicated;Every 5 years	Ultrasound  + no radiation  - highly operator-dependent Non-contrast renal CT  + accurate  - accumulation of radiation exposure Sensitivity of CT vsultrasound in nephrocalcinosis detection uncertain
Brain	Intracerebral calcifications	As clinically indicated	Non-contrast CT MRI (only special MRIs usable for this assessment). Sensitivity of even specialized MRI for detection of calcifications uncertain
Bone	Changes in bone density/quality, vertebral fx	As clinically indicated	DXA  + cheap  + low radiation  + Vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) X-ray spine and VFA  + detection of unknown vertebral fracture
Eyes	Cataract	At diagnosis;As clinically indicated	Ophthalmologist check in non-surgical patients

CT, computed tomography; DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; HypoPT, chronic hypoparathyroidism; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; Fx, fractures.