Table 1.
Comparison of baseline characteristics, hemodynamic, echography, and ventilation parameters, at baseline and after the first fluid challenge of 250 ml, between responding and non-responding patients.
| Characteristics | Responders (n = 133) | Non-responders (n = 64) | p-values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age; years | 61 [47–70] | 62 [48–71] | 0.88 |
| Female sex (%) | 59 (44%) | 26 (40%) | 0.28 |
| ASA-PS score | 2 [2–3] | 2 [2–3] | 0.25 |
| BMI; kg m−2 | 25 [22–29] | 27 [22–31] | 0.29 |
| Medical background (%) | |||
| Arterial hypertension | 58 (44%) | 23 (36%) | 0.26 |
| Myocardial infarction | 7 (5%) | 5 (8%) | 0.41 |
| Cardiac dysfunction | 2 (2%) | 0 | 0.26 |
| OSAS | 10 (8%) | 4 (6%) | 0.25 |
| Smoking | 23 (17%) | 8 (13%) | 0.47 |
| Arteritis | 4 (3%) | 0 | 0.16 |
| Stroke | 8 (6%) | 3 (5%) | 0.78 |
| Diabetes | 23 (17%) | 12 (19%) | 0.73 |
| Dyslipidemia | 28 (21%) | 11 (17%) | 0.50 |
| Chronic renal disease | 7 (5%) | 4 (6%) | 0.77 |
| HR; min−1 | |||
| Baseline | 69 [61–81] | 73 [63–81] | 0.61 |
| 250 ml | 66 [58–80] * | 71 [68–80] | 0.04 |
| MAP; mmHg | |||
| Baseline | 70 [64–78] | 75 [65–82] | 0.10 |
| 250 ml | 69 [63–79] | 75 [68–83] | < 0.01 |
| Cardiac index; l min−1 m−2 | |||
| Baseline | 2.5 [2.0–3.2] | 2.8 [2.3–3.3] | 0.08 |
| 250 ml | 2.9 [2.3–3.5]* | 2.7 [2.2–3.5] | 0.54 |
| SpO2; % | |||
| Baseline | 99 ± 1 | 98 ± 2 | 0.03 |
| 250 ml | 99 ± 1 | 98 ± 2 | < 0.01 |
| Total B-lines | |||
| Baseline | 0 [0–1] | 0 [0–4] | < 0.01 |
| 250 ml | 1 [0–3]* | 4 [2–7]* | < 0.01 |
| Minute ventilation; l min−1 | 6.3 [5.6–7.1] | 6.4 [6.0–7.1] | 0.30 |
| PEEP; cmH2O | 5 [5–6] | 5 [5–6] | 0.76 |
| Plateau pressure; cmH2O | 17 [15–19] | 17 [15–19] | 0.98 |
Significant values are in bold.
Values are means ± SD, numbers (proportion) or median [IQR].
ASA-PS American Society of Anesthesiology-Physical status, BMI body mass index, HR heart rate, MAP mean arterial pressure, OSAS obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, SpO2 pulsed oxygen saturation, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure. The p-value refers to the intergroup comparison. *p < 0.05 for the intragroup effect.