Table 2.

Subgroup analysis of sarcopenia for the highest vs. lowest dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) category.

Stratification	Number of studies	Pooled OR	95% CI	P -value	Heterogeneity
All studies	5	0.41	0.26, 0.65	P <0.001	P = 0.03; I2 = 60%
Geographical region
Asia	3	0.33	0.13, 0.80	P = 0.01	P = 0.02; I2 = 71%
Non-Asia	2	0.53	0.44, 0.65	P <0.001	P = 0.28; I2 = 13%
Gender
Male	2	0.58	0.23, 1.47	P = 0.25	P = 0.07; I2 = 69%
Female	1	0.25	0.11, 0.54	/	/
Sample size
<500	2	0.28	0.06, 1.45	P = 0.13	P = 0.04; I2 = 76%
>500	3	0.41	0.21, 0.77	P = 0.006	P = 0.06; I2 = 59%
Exposure assessment
FFQ	4	0.35	0.18, 0.67	P = 0.002	P = 0.04; I2 = 61%
24 h recall	1	0.55	0.45, 0.67	/	/
Diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia
AWGS	2	0.42	0.17, 1.05	P = 0.06	P = 0.03; I2 = 71%
Other	3	0.38	0.19, 0.75	P = 0.005	P = 0.07; I2 = 62%
Adjustment of BMI
Adjusted	3	0.41	0.21, 0.77	P = 0.006	P = 0.06; I2 = 59%
Unadjusted	2	0.28	0.06, 1.45	P =0.13	P = 0.04; I2 = 76%
Adjustment of physical activity
Adjusted	2	0.52	0.30, 0.91	P = 0.02	P = 0.05; I2 = 68%
Unadjusted	3	0.28	0.16, 0.51	P <0.001	P = 0.37; I2 = 0%
Adjustment of energy intake
Adjusted	3	0.38	0.19, 0.75	P = 0.005	P = 0.07; I2 = 62%
Unadjusted	2	0.42	0.17, 1.05	P = 0.06	P = 0.03; I2 = 71%
Adjustment of co-morbidities
Adjusted	3	0.35	0.16, 0.78	P = 0.01	P = 0.02; I2 = 70%
Unadjusted	2	0.54	0.44, 0.66	P <0.001	P = 0.25; I2 = 24%