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. 2022 Jan 15;14(1):38–54. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i1.38

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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Schematic of receptor tyrosine kinases/KRAS and transforming growth factor beta/SMAD signaling pathways and downstream key transcription factors regulating the proteosome including FOXO, NF-Y, NFE2L2, and heat shock factors 1/2. Stabilized mutant p53 is involved in proteostasis transcription factors deregulation. For details see text. RTK: Receptor tyrosine kinases; TGFβ: Transforming growth factor beta; hHSF1/2: Heat shock factors 1/2; mtp53: Mutant p53.