Table 2.
Predictors of recovery of kidney function within 1 year of first date of maintenance dialysis using adjusted Fine and Gray models among patients with HRS, accounting for the competing risk of death
| Predictors | HR (95% CI) (n=7830) | |
| Model 1a | Model 2b | |
| Age | ||
| 18 to <30 yr | Reference | Reference |
| 30 to <65 yr | 0.36 (0.26 to 0.51) | 0.42 (0.30 to 0.59) |
| ≥65 yr | 0.10 (0.07 to 0.15) | 0.15 (0.10 to 0.22) |
| Women (versus men) | 0.99 (0.87 to 1.14) | 1.05 (0.92 to 1.21) |
| Race | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | Reference | Reference |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.64 (0.50 to 0.82) | 0.68 (0.53 to 0.88) |
| Hispanic | 0.90 (0.74 to 1.10) | 0.94 (0.77 to 1.15) |
| Asian | 1.01 (0.61 to 1.67) | 1.14 (0.69 to 1.89) |
| Other | 0.67 (0.42 to 1.06) | 0.66 (0.42 to 1.04) |
| Median income in zip code per $10,000 | 1.03 (1.00 to 1.06) | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.05) |
| Peritoneal dialysis (versus hemodialysis) | 0.22 (0.07 to 0.70) | 0.24 (0.08 to 0.75) |
| Insured (versus no insurance) | 1.13 (0.55 to 2.33) | 1.31 (0.64 to 2.68) |
| Region of United States | ||
| West | Reference | Reference |
| Midwest | 0.78 (0.65 to 0.94) | 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) |
| South | 0.79 (0.65 to 0.94) | 0.81 (0.67 to 0.97) |
| East | 0.65 (0.53 to 0.80) | 0.67 (0.54 to 0.82) |
| Comorbid conditions (versus without condition) | ||
| Coronary artery disease | — | 1.21 (0.91 to 1.60) |
| Malignancy | — | 0.73 (0.52 to 1.02) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | — | 0.94 (0.70 to 1.26) |
| Heart failure | — | 0.80 (0.65 to 0.98) |
| Stroke | — | 0.77 (0.42 to 1.39) |
| Diabetes mellitus | — | 0.70 (0.59 to 0.84) |
| Hypertension | — | 0.88 (0.76 to 1.01) |
| Drug dependence | — | 1.18 (0.85 to 1.64) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | — | 0.86 (0.58 to 1.28) |
| Smoker | — | 1.16 (0.94 to 1.42) |
| Alcohol dependence | — | 1.40 (1.22 to 1.61) |
HRS, hepatorenal syndrome; HR, hazard ratio.
Adjusted for age category, sex, race/ethnicity, median neighborhood income, calendar period, initial treatment modality, insurance status, and region of the United States.
Adjusted for age category, sex, race/ethnicity, median neighborhood income, calendar period, initial treatment modality, insurance status, region of the United States, and comorbid conditions (hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, malignancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, drug use, tobacco use [current smokers], and alcohol use).