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. 2021 Jul 7;39(1):90–118. doi: 10.1039/d1np00025j

Selected reports of exogenous terpenoid toxicity to E. coli under typical production conditionsa.

Terpenoids and derivatives Minimum concentration that causes growth reduction but not complete inhibition (g L−1) MIC (>indicates that total inhibition was not reached at that concentration) (g L−1) T (°C) Scale (mL) Reference
Hemiterpenoids
Isoprenol 1.5 2.4 37 ∼1? 274
Monoterpenoids
α−Pinene 4.29 >42.9 37 0.8 275
α−Pinene 0.429 1.28 37 5 281
1,8-Cineole 37 0.1 321
Geraniol 1.78 8.89 30 5 273
Geraniol 0.222 0.444 37 0.8 275
Geraniol 0.075 0.300 37 1 163
-Geranyl acetate 4.58 >45.8 37 0.8 275
-Geranyl acetate 0.5 37 1 163
Myrcene >7.94 >7.94 30 5 273
Sabinene 1 >5 31 50 161
Linalool 1 37 0.2 159
Limonene 1.05 42.05 30 0.1? 264
Limonene >25.23 >25.23 30 0.15 263
Limonene 3.36 8.41 37 5 281
Limonene 0.05 0.21 37 0.8 275
-Perillyl alcohol 4.79 30 0.15 263
Sesquiterpenoids
α−Bisabolene >180 >180 37 1 322
Bisabolol >27.6 >27.6 30 0.15 263
(−)-α−Bisabolol 5 >5 309
γ-Bisabolene >27 >27 30 0.15 263
Farnesol >26.61 >26.61 30 0.15 263
α−Farnesene >24.39 >24.39 30 0.15 263
Diterpenoids
Cis-Abienol >2 >2 37 10 183
Cembratriene-ol >2 >2 37 2 45
Sclareol >2 >2 37 10 185
a

Where concentrations were expressed as “%”, “% v/v” was assumed for liquid terpenoids and g L−1 were calculated using density.