Figure 5.

ATO-resistant cell lines are metabolically distinct. (A) Baseline total ROS were measured using redox-sensitive dye (cell ROX Green) in flow cytometry. (B) Bar graphs show baseline protein thiols indicative of antioxidants measured by using o-phthaldialdehyde (OPT) and median fluorescence intensity. (C) Mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) of the resistant cell lines was measured using JC-1. (D) Glucose uptake was measured using a fluorescent analog of 2-DG and is represented as relative mean fluorescence intensity. GLUT-1 and LDHA transcripts (E) and protein levels of NB4 naïve (F), NB4EV-AsR1, and UF1 cell lines. All error bars represent mean ± SEM for 3 to 4 independent experiments. *P ≤ .05; **P ≤ .01. GSH, glutathione; RFU, relative fluorescence units.