Glucose consumption of VSMC. Conditioned media glucose concentrations were monitored at 24- and 48-h time points with AngII (AII) or vehicle (veh: 0.1% H2O final) treatment in VSMC cultured in LG-, MG-, or HG-DMEM. The cultured VSMCs were serum starved for 48 h in LG-DMEM. Glucose concentration at 24-h (A) (n = 3) and 48-h (B) (n = 4) and glucose consumption rate at 48-h (C) were determined (n = 4). Cell numbers were assessed after cells were detached with trypsin (D) (n = 4). One-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s test showed *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01. Data represent means ± SE from independent experiments as indicated. AII, angiotensin II; HG, high glucose; LG, low glucose; MG, middle glucose; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell.