Table 3.
Comparison of predisposing factors for Candida superinfection in OLP
| Influencing factors | No infection (n = 171) | Superinfection (n = 97) | P a |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | No. (%) | ||
| Demography | |||
| Mean age (SD) | 61.7 (± 12.8) | 67.6 (± 10.1) | < 0.001 |
| Gender (male) | 39 (22.8) | 19 (19.6) | 0.539 |
| Local | |||
| Erosive OLP | 63 (36.8) | 49 (50.5) | 0.029 |
| Topical steroids | 27 (15.8) | 15 (15.5) | 0.944 |
| Inhaled steroids | 7 (4.1) | 7 (7.3) | 0.271 |
| Removable denture | 33 (19.5) | 30 (31.3) | 0.031 |
| Systemic | |||
| Hypothyroidism | 47 (27.8) | 29 (29.9) | 0.717 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 18 (10.7) | 18 (18.6) | 0.070 |
| Autoimmune disease | 22 (13.0) | 22 (22.7) | 0.041 |
| Asthma/COPD | 15 (8.9) | 13 (13.4) | 0.247 |
| Drug-induced b | |||
| Antihypertensives | 77 (45.6) | 63 (65.6) | 0.002 |
| Psychotropic drugs | 12 (7.1) | 19 (19.8) | 0.002 |
| Proton pump inhibitors | 14 (8.3) | 12 (12.5) | 0.267 |
| Lifestyle | |||
| Smoker | 27 (16.0) | 13 (13.5) | 0.595 |
| Former smoker | 33 (19.5) | 22 (22.9) | 0.513 |
Complete data for concomitant diseases were available from 266 patients and for medication, presence of removable dentures and smoking from 265 patients
SD standard deviation; OLP oral lichen planus; COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
a No infection vs. superinfection
b Drugs with a high level of evidence for causing hyposalivation