Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients who had carotid angioplasty and stent placement (CAS), according to treatment type.
| Variables | Before matching | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Only antiplatelet agent (N = 587) | Only anticoagulation agent (N = 477) | A combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation agents (N = 304) | p-value | |||||
| n | % | n | % | N | % | |||
| Gender | Female | 224 | 38.16 | 232 | 48.64 | 119 | 39.14 | 0.0014 |
| Male | 363 | 61.84 | 245 | 51.36 | 185 | 60.86 | ||
| Age, mean (SD) year | 73.79 (9.29) | 73.13(10.22) | 71.63 (11.03) | 0.008 | ||||
| Total cost (NT$1000) | 172,839 (148,860) | 188,872 (202.553) | 190,859 (165,104) | 0.2873 | ||||
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 4.261 (1.613) | 4.092 (1.690) | 3.783 (1.710) | 0.0002 | ||||
| Baseline (previous history) | ||||||||
| PVD | 267 | 45.49 | 181 | 37.95 | 112 | 36.84 | 0.0117 | |
| Systemic embolism | 114 | 19.42 | 113 | 23.69 | 69 | 22.7 | 0.2136 | |
| Hypertension | 209 | 35.6 | 157 | 32.91 | 97 | 31.91 | 0.4710 | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 365 | 62.18 | 257 | 53.88 | 156 | 51.32 | 0.0021 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 346 | 58.94 | 211 | 44.23 | 124 | 40.79 | <0.001 | |
| Liver cirrhosis | 23 | 3.92 | 16 | 3.35 | 10 | 3.29 | 0.8441 | |
| Stroke | 313 | 53.32 | 270 | 56.60 | 161 | 52.96 | 0.4813 | |
| CKD | 217 | 36.97 | 113 | 23.69 | 64 | 21.05 | <0.001 | |
| COPD | 309 | 52.64 | 237 | 49.69 | 136 | 44.74 | <0.001 | |
| CHF | 381 | 64.91 | 296 | 62.05 | 190 | 62.5 | 0.5911 | |
| TIA | 313 | 53.32 | 272 | 57.02 | 161 | 52.96 | 0.3979 | |
| PCI | 42 | 7.16 | 13 | 3.19 | 12 | 3.95 | 0.0027 | |
NOAC, Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; NT$, New Taiwan dollar; SD, standard deviation; CHA2DS2-VASc, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age 75 years or older, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke/transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, female; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; TIA, transient ischemic attack; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.