. 2022 Jan 26;12:1417. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05546-8

Table 3.

Clinical outcomes of different therapeutic groups after matching by age, sex, CHA2DS2-VASc score and baseline comorbidities.

Variables		After matching
		Only antiplatelet agent (N = 288)				Only anticoagulant group (N = 288)				A combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation agents (N = 288)				p-value
		n		%		n		%		n		%
Gender	Female	120		41.67		120		41.67		116		40.28		0.9264
Gender	Male	168		58.33		168		58.33		172		59.72
Age group	40–65	75		26.04		64		22.22		74		25.69		0.5008
Age group	≥ 65	213		73.96		224		77.78		214		74.31
Age, mean (SD), y		71.74(10.18)				72.43(10.14)				71.89(10.82)				0.7053
Total cost (NT$1000)		157,808(130,735)				186,524(199,706)				189,469(165,872)				0.0443
CHA2DS2-VASc score		3.861(1.619)				3.861(1.619)				3.861(1.619)				1
Baseline (Previous history)
PVD		119	41.32		106		36.81		107		37.15		0.4639
Systemic embolism		56	19.44		66		22.92		67		23.26		0.4715
Hypertension		87	30.21		88		30.56		96		33.33		0.6754
Hyperlipidemia		172	59.72		149		51.74		148		51.39		0.0758
Diabetes mellitus		156	54.17		126		43.75		121		42.01		0.0067
Liver cirrhosis		13	4.51		12		4.17		10		3.47		0.8118
Stroke		132	45.83		159		55.21		155		53.82		0.0522
CKD		117	40.63		65		22.57		61		21.18		< 0.001
COPD		136	47.22		141		48.96		129		44.79		0.6026
CHF		172	59.72		172		59.72		183		63.54		0.5551
TIA		132	45.83		160		55.56		155		53.82		0.045
PCI		23	7.99		11		3.82		11		3.82		0.034
Outcome
Mortality (0–1Y) (n)		36	12.50		31		10.76		31		10.76		0.7500
Mortality (0–2Y) (n)		77	26.74		66		22.92		61		21.18		< 0.001
Mortality (0–3Y) (n)		103	35.76		92		31.94		84		29.17		0.2357
Mortality during whole follow-up		187	64.93		155		53.82		176		61.11		0.0219
New ischemic stroke		18	6.25		19		6.6		11		3.82		0.2844
Myocardial infarction		11	3.82		12		4.17		12		4.17		0.9707
Vascular events		29	10.07		31		10.76		23		7.99		0.5
Bleeding		103	35.7		117		40.6		129		44.8		0.087

NOAC, Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; NT$, New Taiwan dollar; SD, standard deviation; CHA2DS2-VASc, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age 75 years or older, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke/transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, female; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; TIA, transient ischemic attack; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.