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. 2022 Jan 26;13:530. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28187-x

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 8 — a Photograph of the 2D precursor. Scale bar: 10 mm. The right shows the schematics of the cross-section of the AgNW/PDMS heater and the cut pattern. b, c Schematics of the heater mimicking the shell of the Mantis shrimp composed of geodesics attached to the human knee. b Curling shell of the Mantis shrimp. Yellow lines represent geodesics. c Schematic of the heater attached to the knee. Pink and yellow lines are the boundary and the geodesics, respectively. Red dots are the points with the adhesive. Black dashed lines representing the geodesics are perpendicular to the boundary with the knee bending. d, e The kirigami heater deforms with the knee as the knee bends from 0° (d) to 90° (e) and the corresponding thermal image upon heating. φ denotes the bending angle of the knee. M is the center of the knee. The color bar represents the temperature. f Electric resistance of the heater and the temperature of the point M as a function of the bending angle φ.